Review on recent developments of variable refrigerant flow systems since 2015

Zhang, Guohui; Xiao, Hansong; Zhang, Penglei; Wang, Baolong; Li, Xianting; Shi, Wenxing; Cao, Yang

doi:10.1016/j.enbuild.2019.06.032

Cited by 62 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 139 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The main AC system in the Slamet Bratanata uses energy-efficient and environmentally-friendly equipment with VRF technology. Variable refrigerant flow systems can manage part-load energy performance, flexible control with relatively easy installation and maintenance (Zhang et al, 2019). Some additional split air conditioners are utilized with inverter technologies (EER ≥ 17 BTU hour/Watt) using R-32 refrigerant.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Implementation of the Energy Management System in the First ISO 50001 Building in Indonesia

Kurniawan¹,

Feinnudin²

2021

IJE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study focuses on the public building in Indonesia that has implemented an energy management system compliant with ISO 50001 standard. The main objectives of this study are to review the implementation of the energy management system in the building, highlighting the main aspect of the ISO cycle deployment and key lessons learned for further dissemination. We performed the study of the implementation of energy management in the building sector based on the ISO 50001 framework that aims to enhance an organization to pursue the continuous improvement of energy management with a systematic approach. Implementing the plan, do, check and act cycle of the ISO’s framework, it is found that the management keeps a strong commitment to continuous improvement. As part of the energy management system cycle, an Investment Grade Audit (IGA) was performed in 2018. Implementing the IGA recommendation, both passive and active designs have been applied in the Slamet Bratanata building. Active design strategies that have been implemented include building automation system utilization, chiller and lighting replacement and Energy Monitoring System (EMonS) application. Implemented passive designs include windows film installation and an efficient room redesigned for optimizing natural light. To implement the ISO 50001 Energy Management System in the building, the energy management team has also held various activities. It includes developing Standard Operating Procedures, appointing a Person in Charge on each floor, conducting capacity building and performing an energy efficiency campaign. It is estimated that the energy management system has succeeded in reducing energy consumption by 613.188 kWh (in 2018–2020) and the Energy Efficiency Index by 129.06 kWh/m2/year in 2020. Furthermore, management energy implementation also reduced greenhouse gas emissions by 539.60 tons of CO2 equivalent. This study provides a reference for energy management in another building for improving its energy performance.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Implementation of the Energy Management System in the First ISO 50001 Building in Indonesia

Kurniawan¹,

Feinnudin²

2021

IJE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…As introduced, DX systems are the most commonly used technologies in small to medium-sized buildings, due to their simple design, compactness, and low installation cost [16]. Among this group, variable refrigerant flow (VRF) systems have gained much attention in recent years as they can compensate their high initial costs by offering lower operational costs than conventional units [17].…”

Section: Generation Subsystems: Vapor Compression Chillers and Sorpti...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable active cooling strategies in hot and humid climates – A review and a practical application in Somalia

Litardo

Pero

Molinaroli

et al. 2022

Building and Environment

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Furthermore, component-based models can be subdivided regarding the heat exchanger modeling into empirical, distributed, moving boundary, and hybrid or lumped models [10,11]. An overview of steady-state VCS modeling is given by Wan et al [9] and Zhang et al [12]. The VCS models are usually assessed on the basis of the prediction accuracy of the coefficient of performance (COP).…”

Section: Optimization Of the Condenser Fan Speed Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Model-Based Condenser Fan Speed Optimization of Vapor Compression Systems

Angermeier

Karcher

2020

Energies

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Vapor compression systems (VCS) cover a wide range of applications and consume large amounts of energy. In this context, previous research identified the optimization of the condenser fans speed as a promising measure to improve the energy efficiency of VCS. The present paper introduces a steady-state modeling approach of an air-cooled VCS to predict the ideal condenser fan speed. The model consists of a hybrid characterization of the main components of a VCS and the optimization problem is formulated as minimizing the total energy consumption by respectively adjusting the condenser fan and compressor speed. In contrast to optimization strategies found in the literature, the proposed model does not relay on algorithms, but provides a single optimization term to predict the ideal fan speed. A detailed experimental validation demonstrates the feasibility of the model approach and further suggests that the ideal condenser fan speed can be calculated with sufficient precision, assuming constant evaporating pressure, compressor efficiency, subcooling, and superheating, respectively. In addition, a control strategy based on the developed model is presented, which is able to drive the VCS to its optimal operation. Therefore, the study provides a crucial input for set-point optimization and steady-state modeling of air-cooled vapor compression systems.

show abstract

Review on recent developments of variable refrigerant flow systems since 2015

Cited by 62 publications

References 139 publications

Assessing the Implementation of the Energy Management System in the First ISO 50001 Building in Indonesia

Assessing the Implementation of the Energy Management System in the First ISO 50001 Building in Indonesia

Sustainable active cooling strategies in hot and humid climates – A review and a practical application in Somalia

Model-Based Condenser Fan Speed Optimization of Vapor Compression Systems

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About