Review on research achievements of biogas from anaerobic digestion

Multiple effects of trace elements on methanogenesis in a two-phase anaerobic membrane bioreactor treating starch wastewater

“…Preciously suggested approach to stimulate methanogenesis was addition of trace elements (TEs) based on mechanisms of micronutrition and relief inhibition by metal sulphur (Ahring 2003;Mao et al 2015). For example, TEs were supplied in 60 AD plants with low micronutrient levels, and digester performance was improved after supplementation (Lindorfer et al 2012).…”

“…In general, TEs stimulate AD as critical micronutrition through (1) composing metal enzyme and metal coenzyme, (2) activating enzyme and coenzyme and (3) relieving sulphur or ammonia inhibition (Ahring 2003;Mao et al 2015). According to these mechanisms, many related effects should be observed in TE addition, such as more methane production due to inhibition relieved, higher activity of methanogenic microorganisms due to enzyme catalyse, more biomass growth due to sufficient micronutrition and, thus, higher COD removal (Sambusiti et al 2014).…”

Biofuels from food processing wastes

“…hydrolysis is the major rate-limiting step due to the complexity of the feedstock, especially for the FPW containing lignocellulosic biomass, animal fats and protein [3,5 ]. Pretreatment and pre-hydrolysis are able to accelerate the production of intermediates (fatty acids, fermentable sugars, amino acids, etc.)…”

Modifications of Concentrations of Plant Macronutrient Ions in Digestate from Anaerobic Digestion during Nitrification Processes

“…With this technology, micro-organisms gradually decompose organic matter (e.g., carbohydrates, proteins and fats) via anaerobic processes which are basically hydrolysis, acidogenesis, acetogenesis and methanogenesis, into biogas and digestate [4,5,6]. Biogas can be used as a source of renewable energy [7,8], and the digestate can potentially be used as a fertilizer for extensive agricultural fields [9].…”

“…When anaerobic digestate is used as liquid fertilizer in soilless culture, one type of problem encountered is that it contains an excess amount of ammonium ions (NH ) 4 + [11,13,14] which were produced by degradation of proteins in anaerobic conditions [15]. This will lead to toxicity in many plant species, although the NH 4 + toxicity can be alleviated by co-provisioning of nitrate ions (NO ) 3 − [16,17].…”