Review on Solid-State Transfer Switch Configurations and Control Methods: Applications, Operations, Issues, and Future Directions

Mollik, M. S.; Hannan, M. A.; Ker, Pin Jern; Faisal, Mohammad; Rahman, Mahbubur; Mansur, M.; Lipu, Molla Shahadat Hossain

doi:10.1109/access.2020.3028870

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 108 publications

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“…Recent research has identified solid-state transfer switches (SSTS) as a potentially cost-effective solution to power control and power quality issues [60]. Figure 10 depicts the basic concept of the SSTS application, to switch selected loads between the microgrid and utility grid.…”

Section: Solid-state Transfer Switchesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design of a Partially Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Microgrid Using IoT Technology

et al. 2021

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This study describes the design and control algorithms of an IoT-connected photovoltaic microgrid operating in a partially grid-connected mode. The proposed architecture and control design aim to connect or disconnect non-critical loads between the microgrid and utility grid. Different components of the microgrid, such as photovoltaic arrays, energy storage elements, inverters, solid-state transfer switches, smart-meters, and communication networks were modeled and simulated. The communication between smart meters and the microgrid controller is designed using LoRa communication protocol for the control and monitoring of loads in residential buildings. An IoT-enabled smart meter has been designed using ZigBee communication protocol to evaluate data transmission requirements in the microgrid. The loads were managed by a proposed under-voltage load-shedding algorithm that selects suitable loads to be disconnected from the microgrid and transferred to the utility grid. The simulation results showed that the duty cycle of LoRa and its bit rate can handle the communication requirements in the proposed PV microgrid architecture.

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Section: Solid-state Transfer Switchesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The coordinate system is created by instantly transforming the three-phase voltages v a,b,c (t) into a bi-axial coordinate system v d,q,0 (t). The following equations are used to express the transfer switch operation [60]: Is Vdq ≤ Vdq-min?…”

Section: Solid-state Transfer Switchesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of a Partially Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Microgrid Using IoT Technology

et al. 2021

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“…The basic structure of SSTS configuration includes the preferred source, alternative source, control logic scheme comprising the voltage detection scheme, transfer signal, and the sensitive load as illustrated in Fig. 1 [6]. To enhance the control performance of the SSTS, various controllers have been used.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel PSO Based Fuzzy Controller for Robust Operation of Solid-State Transfer Switch and Fast Load Transfer in Power Systems

et al. 2022

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This paper proposes a novel particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm based fuzzy logic controller (FLC) for improving the performance of automatic solid-state transfer switch (SSTS) with respect to transfer time. The proposed technique generates adaptive membership functions (MFs) of voltage error and rate of change of voltage error for input and output based on the fitness function formulated by the PSO. An optimal PSO-based FLC (PSOF) fitness function is further employed to tune and minimize the mean absolute error (MAE) to improve the performance of the load transfer in a short duration. Results obtained from the proposed PSOF are compared with those obtained with the conventional FLC to validate the developed controller. It is observed that the proposed PSOF optimized controller can transfer the load faster than the conventional FLC controller. The accuracy of the developed PSOF is illustrated and investigated via simulation tests for SSTS in the IEEE 9-bus system. It can be concluded that the PSOF controller is better than the only fuzzy controller in all tested cases in terms of transfer time.INDEX TERMS Automatic solid-state transfer switch, fuzzy control, optimization algorithm, power transfer, load transfer, power system faults.

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“…The investigations on SSS have risen since 2010 due to concerns about power quality issues related to residential and industrial sensitive loads [7,8]. The operations that include critical loads may be disrupted by voltage sags, swells, or other disturbances [9,10]. An effective way to enhance the network's power quality is to employ a power electronic device based on SSS [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solid State Switching Control Methods: A Bibliometric Analysis for Future Directions

et al. 2021

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Recently, the development and controls of solid-state switching have gained significant popularity over the years especially in academic research. The development of control strategies in solid state switching applications to ensure fast switching in a protected distribution system has fueled a great deal of investigation and further developments. Therefore, a critical review and analysis in the field of solid-state switching for distribution systems are provided in this article. The Scopus database is used to compile a list of the most cited published papers in the field of solid-state switching control methods based on the identified criteria. The study explores 120 of the most cited articles emphasizing six keywords such as a solid-state breaker, solid-state transfer switch, static transfer switch, automatic transfer switch, automatic protection switches, and solid-state protection switch. The analysis was conducted using the Scopus database in the fourth week of January 2021. The 120 articles were collected from 24 different journals and 27 different countries. It is reported that 78% of the published papers outline the methodology based on control and test systems whereas 22% of articles are based on review surveys. From that, 73% of articles concentrate on the protection strategy in the system. The main objective of the article is to classify and define the highly cited published articles in the field of solid-state switching control methods as well as to provide direction for future research on fast switching in the distribution system. The analysis also highlights various factors, issues, challenges, and difficulties to identify the existing limitations and research gaps. This review will serve to strengthen the development concepts of solid-state switching control methods towards achieving improved operational performance, energy-saving, economic prosperity, and enhanced power quality. The authors believe that this bibliometric evaluation will allow academic researchers to identify opportunities for growth in the solid-state switching industry.

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Review on Solid-State Transfer Switch Configurations and Control Methods: Applications, Operations, Issues, and Future Directions

Cited by 12 publications

References 108 publications

Design of a Partially Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Microgrid Using IoT Technology

Design of a Partially Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Microgrid Using IoT Technology

A Novel PSO Based Fuzzy Controller for Robust Operation of Solid-State Transfer Switch and Fast Load Transfer in Power Systems

Solid State Switching Control Methods: A Bibliometric Analysis for Future Directions

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