Review on the deterioration and approaches to enhance the durability of concrete in the freeze–thaw environment

Wang, Ruijun; Hu, Zhiyao; Li, Yang; Wang, Kai; Zhang, Hao

doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.126371

Cited by 203 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 180 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Controlling ice formation and/or growth is a concern in cryobiology, 6 pharmaceutical science, [7][8][9] materials science, 10 food preservation, 11 agriculture, 12 and construction. 13,14 In the atmosphere, predicting ice formation is important to determine the radiative balance of the Earth and the amount and frequency of continental precipitation. 15,16 Increasing the concentration of a soluble additive such as salt reduces water activity and lowers the freezing temperature of the aqueous solution (e.g., Koop et al 17 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Homogeneous freezing of water droplets for different volumes and cooling rates

Shardt

Isenrich

Waser

et al. 2022

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Homogeneous freezing of water droplets for different volumes and cooling rates

Shardt

Isenrich

Waser

et al. 2022

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For example, due to water invasion, concrete is susceptible to freeze–thaw damage in cold regions. To reduce the freeze–thaw deterioration, the most commonly adopted method in the world is to use air-entrained concrete according to the theoretical hypothesis that the purposely introduced air voids can provide extra space to decrease expansion pressure induced by freezing water [ 1 , 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study on the Stability and Distribution of Air Voids in Fresh Fly Ash Concrete

Wang

Xiao

et al. 2022

Materials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The air void system purposely introduced by an air-entraining admixture (AEA) is of great significance for the protection of concrete from freeze–thaw damage. Fly ash has been globally used in concrete, while the unburnt carbon in fly ash can adsorb AEA molecules and, thus, increase the AEA demand. Previous studies primarily focused on the air content of fresh fly ash concrete. This paper aimed to explore the stability and distribution of air voids in fly ash concrete at the fresh state. To achieve this goal, eleven different fresh fly ash concrete mixtures with an initial air content of 6 ± 1% were prepared in the laboratory. Samples were taken at various times within 75 min after initial mixing to investigate the air content and air void distribution in fly ash concrete at the fresh state using a super air meter (SAM). The results indicated that there was no significant correlation between loss on ignition (LOI) of fly ash and AEA demand to achieve the initial air content of 6 ± 1%. Class C fly ash concrete tended to have a better air content retention than Class F fly ash concrete. Compared with LOI, AEA demand had a stronger correlation with air content retention. Most of the fly ash concrete mixtures had a satisfactory air void system immediately after mixing, but the SAM number showed an increasing trend over time, suggesting the coarsening of the air void system with time.

show abstract

“…In cold regions, the weathering processes on the TIMs are typically stronger and always coupled with other effects together, including radiation, cyclic freeze-thaw (CFT), cyclic drywet, and salt erosion. The CFT is a part of the natural weathering process occurring daily or seasonally in cold regions; it is one of the major causes that significantly degrade engineering properties of building and construction materials, e.g., concrete, asphalt, and soils [17][18][19], as well as TIMs. Thus, the resistance of building and construction materials under the CFTs is of great importance for long-term stability and service performance of engineering infrastructure in cold regions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Freeze-Thaw Resistance of Thermal Insulating Materials Used in Cold Regions Engineering: A State-of-the-Art Review

Zhang

et al. 2022

Geofluids

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Thermal insulating materials (TIMs) are widely used in roadways, tunnels, airfields, pipeline systems, and buildings in cold regions to prevent infrastructure from freeze damages and reduce energy consumption. During the period of use in cold regions, however, seasonal freeze-thaw actions can cause degradation of thermal and mechanical properties of TIMs and even malfunctions. Lots of research has been carried out on the durability of TIMs under cyclic freeze-thaw (CFT), but comprehensive reviews are scarce at present. Based on a literature review, the state and development of the test apparatus, temperature controls for the CFT test, and changes in the thermal and mechanical characteristics of TIMs during the CFT operations were summarized in this study. The review shows that the CFT can damage the TIMs’ microstructure, which will result in an increase in the materials’ thermal conductivity and water absorption rate with a decrease in their mechanical strength. However, since the application scenarios of TIMs are various, there are significant differences in previous researches, especially the test conditions. These differences limited the applicability of the test results and make a barrier among researchers and engineers. Thus, a unified test method for the durability of TIMs under the CFTs should be established in the future.

show abstract

Review on the deterioration and approaches to enhance the durability of concrete in the freeze–thaw environment

Cited by 203 publications

References 180 publications

Homogeneous freezing of water droplets for different volumes and cooling rates

Homogeneous freezing of water droplets for different volumes and cooling rates

Experimental Study on the Stability and Distribution of Air Voids in Fresh Fly Ash Concrete

Freeze-Thaw Resistance of Thermal Insulating Materials Used in Cold Regions Engineering: A State-of-the-Art Review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About