Review on the Research and Applications of TLS in Ground Surface and Constructions Deformation Monitoring

Teng, Jinlong; Shi, Yufeng; Wang, Helong; Wu, Jian

doi:10.3390/s22239179

Cited by 18 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 98 publications

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“…Laefer et al [18] present the fundamental mathematics and experimental validation for determining the minimum detectable crack width in unit-based masonry using TLS. However, guaranteeing the integrity of data remains a challenge, especially when detecting intricately structured cracks [19,20].…”

Section: Description Valuementioning

confidence: 99%

Intricacies of Opening Geometry Detection in Terrestrial Laser Scanning: An Analysis Using Point Cloud Data from BLK360

Jung,

Kim,

Min

et al. 2024

Remote Sensing

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This study investigates the use of terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) in urban excavation sites, focusing on enhancing ground deformation detection by precisely identifying opening geometries, such as gaps between pavement blocks. The accuracy of TLS data, affected by equipment specifications, environmental conditions, and scanning geometry, is closely examined, especially with regard to the detection of openings between blocks. The experimental setup, employing the BLK360 scanner, aimed to mimic real-world paving situations with varied opening widths, allowing an in-depth analysis of how factors related to scan geometry, such as incidence angles and opening orientations, influence detection capabilities. Our examination of various factors and detection levels reveals the importance of the opening width and orientation in identifying block openings. We discovered the crucial role of the opening width, where larger openings facilitate detection in 2D cross-sections. The overall density of the point cloud was more significant than localized variations. Among geometric factors, the orientation of the local object geometry was more impactful than the incidence angle. Increasing the number of laser beam points within an opening did not necessarily improve detection, but beams crossing the secondary edge were vital. Our findings highlight that larger openings and greater overall point cloud densities markedly improve detection levels, whereas the orientation of local geometry is more critical than the incidence angle. The study also discusses the limitations of using a single BLK360 scanner and the subtle effects of scanning geometry on data accuracy, providing a thorough understanding of the factors that influence TLS data accuracy and reliability in monitoring urban excavations.

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Section: Description Valuementioning

confidence: 99%

Intricacies of Opening Geometry Detection in Terrestrial Laser Scanning: An Analysis Using Point Cloud Data from BLK360

Jung,

Kim,

Min

et al. 2024

Remote Sensing

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“…The GB-RAR interferometry method is a widely embraced technology for measuring the dynamic deformation of bridges [29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36]. This methodology delivers accurate sub-millimeter deformation monitoring in a non-contact manner.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bridge Monitoring Strategies for Sustainable Development with Microwave Radar Interferometry

Zou,

Feng,

Masci

et al. 2024

Sustainability

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The potential of a coherent microwave radar for infrastructure health monitoring has been investigated over the past decade. Microwave radar measuring based on interferometry processing is a non-invasive technique that can measure the line-of-sight (LOS) displacements of large infrastructure with sub-millimeter precision and provide the corresponding frequency spectrum. It has the capability to estimate infrastructure vibration simultaneously and remotely with high accuracy and repeatability, which serves the long-term serviceability of bridge structures within the context of the long-term sustainability of civil engineering infrastructure management. In this paper, we present three types of microwave radar systems employed to monitor the displacement of bridges in Japan and Italy. A technique that fuses polarimetric analysis and the interferometry technique for bridge monitoring is proposed. Monitoring results achieved with full polarimetric real aperture radar (RAR), step-frequency continuous-wave (SFCW)-based linear synthetic aperture, and multi-input multi-output (MIMO) array sensors are also presented. The results reveal bridge dynamic responses under different loading conditions, including wind, vehicular traffic, and passing trains, and show that microwave sensor interferometry can be utilized to monitor the dynamics of bridge structures with unprecedented spatial and temporal resolution. This paper demonstrates that microwave sensor interferometry with efficient, cost-effective, and non-destructive properties is a serious contender to employment as a sustainable infrastructure monitoring technology serving the sustainable development agenda.

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“…However, these methods are still just at the stage of performing simple calculations of displacement vectors, and the principal method is still the SD method (Teng et al, 2022). For example, when the point cloud is sparse, the deformation direction is not orthogonal to the study surface, and there is a large misregistration between the point cloud to be matched and the target point cloud.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D deformation analysis for earth dam monitoring based on terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) and the iterative closest point (ICP) algorithm

Ning,

Zhang,

Jiang

et al. 2024

Front. Earth Sci.

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Introduction: The conventional 3-D point cloud-based deformation analysis methods, such as the shortest distance (SD), cloud-to-cloud (C2C), and multiscale model-to-model cloud comparison (M3C2), essentially regard the closest distance between two periods of point cloud data as the deformation, rather than the true position of the same point in 3-D space before and after deformation.Methods: This paper proposes a method based on the ICP algorithm to calculate the differences between the chunked multi-period point clouds to recognizes the 3-D deformations.Results and discussion: The results show that the obtained results are very close to the GNSS data but with a much larger spatial monitoring range. The accuracy is higher than that of the SD method. Moreover, we analyze the statistical relationship between the point cloud block size and the deformation vector error and determine the optimal block size. The aim of this article is to optimize the deformation analysis method and improve its accuracy to provide techniques and ideas for the wider surface deformation monitoring research field. For instance, combining this method with data from contact methods constructs a 3D overall deformation model of the mountain, enabling real-time monitoring and early warning of debris flows.

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Review on the Research and Applications of TLS in Ground Surface and Constructions Deformation Monitoring

Cited by 18 publications

References 98 publications

Intricacies of Opening Geometry Detection in Terrestrial Laser Scanning: An Analysis Using Point Cloud Data from BLK360

Intricacies of Opening Geometry Detection in Terrestrial Laser Scanning: An Analysis Using Point Cloud Data from BLK360

Bridge Monitoring Strategies for Sustainable Development with Microwave Radar Interferometry

3D deformation analysis for earth dam monitoring based on terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) and the iterative closest point (ICP) algorithm

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