Review: Perspective on high-performing dairy cows and herds

Britt, J.H.; Cushman, Robert A.; Dechow, C.D.; Dobson, H.; Humblot, P.; Hutjens, Michael F.; Jones, G. A.; Ruegg, P.L.; Sheldon, Iain Martin; Stevenson, Jeffrey S.

doi:10.1016/j.animal.2021.100298

Cited by 32 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Además, que se debe incrementar su producción, también su calidad sanitaria con respecto a la inocuidad de la misma. Esto lleva implícito la ausencia de aditivos y dentro de estos, los antibióticos (18,19).…”

Section: Resultados Y Discusiónunclassified

An overview on mastitis-associated Escherichia coli: Pathogenicity, host immunity and the use of alternative therapies

Zaatout

2022

Microbiological Research

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Section: Resultados Y Discusiónunclassified

An overview on mastitis-associated Escherichia coli: Pathogenicity, host immunity and the use of alternative therapies

Zaatout

2022

Microbiological Research

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“…Breeding dairy cattle are important for developing the agricultural sector [1][2][3]. The current state of development in dairy farming is characterized by an increase in the productivity of cows, a decrease in feed costs per unit of production, and an improvement in its quality [4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and diagnostic characteristics of the development of hepatocardial syndrome in black and white cows in the early lactation period

et al. 2022

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Background and Aim: It is known that during the early postpartum and lactation periods in dairy cows, metabolic disorders develop, that is, ketosis, which can lead to secondary damage to internal organs. Therefore, it is important to address the issues of changing the lactating cows' clinical, laboratory, and physiological parameters regarding the development of hepatocardial syndrome. This study aimed to provide clinical and diagnostic justification for developing hepatocardial syndrome in highly productive dairy cows. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on 20 black and white cows in the early postpartum period (7–10 days after birth), with a milk production level of >4500 kg of milk during the previous lactation period, a positive result in the formol colloid sedimentary test, the presence of deafness and splitting of heart sounds, changes in the size, or increased pain sensitivity of the percussion field of the liver. Clinically healthy dairy cows in the early postpartum period were used as controls (n = 24). Clinical, electrocardiographic, echocardiographic, and biochemical parameters were also evaluated. Results: Dairy cows with hepatocardial syndrome developed arterial hypertension and sinus tachycardia, which led to a significant decrease in PQ and QT intervals at ECG. A significant increase in the diastolic size of the interventricular septum, systolic size of the free wall of the left ventricle, and diastolic and systolic sizes of the left ventricle and a significant decrease in the shortening fraction of the left ventricular myocardium were observed in the cows due to the development of hepatocardial syndrome. The affected cows demonstrated a significant increase in serum activity of gamma-glutamyl transferase, alanine aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, creatine phosphokinase, alkaline phosphatase, troponin, malondialdehyde, diene conjugates, and ceruloplasmin and a decrease in glucose concentration. In addition, they demonstrated decreased activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase. Conclusion: Hepatocardial syndrome in dairy cows occurs due to ketosis, characterized by arterial hypertension, sinus tachycardia, a moderate decrease in myocardial contractility, oxidative stress, and cytolysis of cardiomyocytes and hepatocytes. Therefore, the control and prevention of the development of hepatocardial syndrome will make it possible to maintain the productive health and longevity of dairy cows.

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“…A high-quality catalogue of SVs with improved detection sensitivity, including a broad size range, basepair resolved breakpoints, and accurate genotyping can bene t genetic studies and accelerate the discovery of functional SVs. Yet, until now, lack of suitable data sets hindered obtaining a high-quality SV catalogue in the Holstein Friesian (HF), a major dairy cattle breed [13]. Absence of a high-quality SV catalogue has left some questions unanswered.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-resolution structural variation catalogue in a large-scale whole genome sequenced bovine family cohort data

Lee

Bosse

Takeda

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background Structural variations (SVs) are chromosomal segments that differ between genomes, such as deletions, duplications, insertions, inversions and translocations. The genomics revolution enabled the discovery of sub-microscopic SVs via array and whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data, paving the way to unravel the functional impact of SVs. Recent human expression QTL mapping studies demonstrated that SVs play a disproportionally large role in altering gene expression, underlining the importance of including SVs in genetic analyses. Therefore, this study aimed to generate and explore a high-quality bovine SV catalogue exploiting a unique cattle family cohort data (total 266 samples, forming 127 trios). Results We curated 13,731 SVs segregating in the population, consisting of 12,201 deletions, 1,509 duplications, and 21 multi-allelic CNVs (> 50-bp). Of these, we validated a subset of copy number variants (CNVs) utilising a direct genotyping approach in an independent cohort, indicating that at least 80% of the CNVs are true variants, segregating in the population. Among gene-disrupting SVs, we prioritised two likely high impact duplications, encompassing ORM1 and POPDC3 genes, respectively. Liver expression QTL mapping results revealed that these duplications are likely causing altered gene expression, confirming the functional importance of SVs. Although most of the accurately genotyped CNVs are tagged by single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) ascertained in WGS data, most CNVs were not captured by individual SNPs obtained from a 50K genotyping array. Conclusion We generated a high-quality SV catalogue exploiting unique whole genome sequenced bovine family cohort data. Two high impact duplications upregulating the ORM1 and POPDC3 are putative candidates for postpartum feed intake and hoof health traits, thus warrants further investigation. Generally, CNVs were in low LD with SNPs on the 50K array. Hence, it remains crucial to incorporate CNVs via means other than tagging SNPs, such as investigation of tagging haplotypes, direct imputation of CNVs, or direct genotyping as done in the current study. The SV catalogue and the custom genotyping array generated in the current study will serve as valuable resources accelerating utilisation of full spectrum of genetic variants in bovine genomes.

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Review: Perspective on high-performing dairy cows and herds

Cited by 32 publications

References 60 publications

An overview on mastitis-associated Escherichia coli: Pathogenicity, host immunity and the use of alternative therapies

An overview on mastitis-associated Escherichia coli: Pathogenicity, host immunity and the use of alternative therapies

Clinical and diagnostic characteristics of the development of hepatocardial syndrome in black and white cows in the early lactation period

High-resolution structural variation catalogue in a large-scale whole genome sequenced bovine family cohort data

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