2013
DOI: 10.1111/brv.12044
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Reviewing Biosphere Reserves globally: effective conservation action or bureaucratic label?

Abstract: The Biosphere Reserve (BR) model of UNESCO's Man and the Biosphere Programme reflects a shift towards more accountable conservation. Biosphere Reserves attempt to reconcile environmental protection with sustainable development; they explicitly acknowledge humans, and human interests in the conservation landscape while still maintaining the ecological values of existing protected areas. Conceptually, this model is attractive, with 610 sites currently designated globally. Yet the practical reality of implementin… Show more

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Cited by 104 publications
(113 citation statements)
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References 59 publications
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“…Such lived-in landscapes would correspond to large tracts of land where biodiversity conservation is practised in coherence with people living and working in the area and striving for sustainable livelihoods. Different models of living landscapes already exist, of which the Biosphere Reserve model is the best known (UNESCO, 1996;Batisse, 1997;Ishwaran et al, 2008, Coetzer et al, 2014Bridgewater, 2016;Reed, 2016).…”
Section: Parks Vol 231 March 2017mentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…Such lived-in landscapes would correspond to large tracts of land where biodiversity conservation is practised in coherence with people living and working in the area and striving for sustainable livelihoods. Different models of living landscapes already exist, of which the Biosphere Reserve model is the best known (UNESCO, 1996;Batisse, 1997;Ishwaran et al, 2008, Coetzer et al, 2014Bridgewater, 2016;Reed, 2016).…”
Section: Parks Vol 231 March 2017mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Yet South African Biosphere Reserves do not feature significantly in the national system of legislation and policies. In effect, each Biosphere Reserve is usually left to find its own ways to successfully make a difference through effective implementation of the MAB Programme (Coetzer et al, 2014;Pool-Stanvliet, 2014).…”
Section: Parks Vol 231 March 2017mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Within this context and with a particular focus on preservation and conservation, UNESCO launched the Man and the Biosphere (MAB) Programme in 1971 (Ishwaran, Persic and Tri, 2008;Coetzer, Witkowski and Erasmus, 2014). The biosphere reserve (BR) concept emerged out of this framework for context-specific conservation in 1974 (Ishwaran, Persic and Tri, 2008), and two years later the World Network of Biosphere Reserves (WNBR) was born (Ishwaran, 2009).…”
Section: Unesco Designated Biosphere Reservesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The three main functions of a BR are (UNESCO, 1996;Ishwaran, Persic and Tri, 2008;Coetzer Witkowski and Erasmus, 2014): -Conservation: preservation of ecosystems, landscape, species and genetic resources; -Logistic support: support projects, research and monitoring, environmental education; and -Development: foster sustainable economic and human development. To translate the three roles into practice, the MAB Programme structured the zoning of the BRs into three: the core, buffer and transition zone (UNESCO, 1996;Ishwaran, 2009) (see Figure 1).…”
Section: Unesco Designated Biosphere Reservesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In addition, flexibility in BR management and governance encourages the involvement of different stakeholders from a range of sectors that provides opportunities for developing the types of management needed to effectively implement the BR actions (Batisse, 1997;Francis, 2004;Edge and McAllister, 2009;UNESCO, 2010). The BR concept and its application has been continuously evolving over four decades (Price, 2002;Price et al, 2010;Ishwaran et al, 2012;Coetzer et al, 2014;Reed, 2016). Misunderstanding the concept of the BR model led to early nominated sites being purely PAs for conservation and research only (Goodier and Jeffers, 1981;Batisse, 1986Batisse, , 1990Brunckhorst, 1997;Ishwaran et al, 2008;Price et al, 2010;Coetzer et al, 2014;Bridgewater, 2016).…”
Section: Integrated Conservation and Development Under The World Netwmentioning
confidence: 99%