Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale: a Psychometric Examination in Chinese Youth

Lu, Weili; Daleiden, Eric L.; Higa-McMillan, Charmaine K.; Liu, Shuyun; Leong, Alyssa; Almeida, Angela Maria Oliveira; Kelleher, Kerri

doi:10.1007/s10862-021-09879-y

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…As reported in previous studies (Chorpita et al, 2000;Donnelly et al, 2019;Esbjørn et al, 2012;Fard et al, 2021;Fontana et al, 2019;Giannopoulou et al, 2022;Kösters et al, 2015;Lu et al, 2021;Muris et al, 2002;Ross et al, 2002), there were sex differences among all subscales of the RCADS as well as the Total Anxiety Scale and Total Internalizing Score. For all, girls scored significantly higher than boys.…”

Section: Known-groups Validitysupporting

confidence: 76%

“…Numerous studies have reported good convergent validity with other anxiety and depression scales in school samples (e.g. Chorpita et al., 2000; Fard et al., 2021; Fontana et al., 2019; Giannopoulou et al., 2022; Gormez et al., 2017; Lu et al., 2021; Muris et al., 2002). This was also supported in a German study with children and adolescents with chronic pain (Stahlschmidt et al., 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…T A B L E 6 Ranges, means and standard deviations for the RCADS subscales/total scale in combined samples. et al, 2000;Fard et al, 2021;Fontana et al, 2019;Giannopoulou et al, 2022;Gormez et al, 2017;Lu et al, 2021;Muris et al, 2002).…”

Section: Factorial Validitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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The German version of the Revised Children's Anxiety and Depression Scale—Psychometric properties and normative data for German 8‐ to 17‐year‐olds

Grothus

Sommer

Claus

et al. 2023

Int J Methods Psych Res

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ObjectivesAnxiety and depression are internalizing mental disorders often commencing in childhood and manifesting in adolescence. The Revised Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS) is an internationally widely used standardized diagnostic tool, but the German version has only been validated in a pediatric chronic pain sample; normative data are not available. The aim of this study is to test its reliability (internal consistency) and validity (factorial, convergent, known‐groups) in a representative German school sample and to provide norm data.MethodsData were collected from N = 1562 German schoolchildren (Mage = 12.2; SDage = 2.33; range 8–17 years; 52.4% girls).ResultsCronbach's α ranged from 0.73 to 0.96 for the total and the six subscales (five anxiety and one depression). Confirmatory factor analysis showed the 6‐factor model had acceptable to good model fit with CFI = 0.93, TLI = 0.93, RMSEA = 0.05, SRMR = 0.05, which was better than 1‐ and 2‐factor models. The (sub)scales correlated moderate to high negatively with health‐related quality of life (−0.31 ≤ τ ≤ −0.51; p < 0.001) and positively with functional impairment (0.31 ≤ τ ≤ 0.48; p < 0.001). Mean scores of anxiety and depression scales were significantly higher in girls and partly in adolescents.ConclusionFindings provide support for the good psychometric properties of the German RCADS in a community sample.

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Section: Known-groups Validitysupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The German version of the Revised Children's Anxiety and Depression Scale—Psychometric properties and normative data for German 8‐ to 17‐year‐olds

Grothus

Sommer

Claus

et al. 2023

Int J Methods Psych Res

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“…The Chinese version of the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS; Lu et al., 2021) was administered to children in the classrooms to measure anxiety and depression symptoms. The scale had two dimensions, measuring anxiety symptoms (37 items) and depression symptoms (10 items).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coping styles and the developmental trajectories of anxiety symptoms in children during transition into early adolescence

Zhang

2024

British J of Psychology

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The study investigated how active and avoidant coping styles predicted the trajectory membership of anxiety symptoms during the transition into early adolescence. A total of 321 Chinese children aged 9 to 10 years were recruited from a primary school in mainland China. Self‐reported trait anxiety, coping styles and anxiety symptoms were assessed at baseline. After 6 months, self‐reported anxiety symptoms were measured at three follow‐up assessments with an interval of 6 months. Latent class growth modelling revealed high (18.7%) and low (81.3%) trajectories of anxiety symptoms in children during the transition into early adolescence. After controlling for trait anxiety, depression and sex, high active coping style predicted the trajectory of high anxiety symptoms, which was not moderated by trait anxiety. Before controlling for these covariates, the relation between active coping style and anxiety symptoms was in the opposite direction. A high avoidant coping style showed a trend to predict the trajectory of high anxiety symptoms only for children with low trait anxiety. These findings add a developmental context to the relationships of active and avoidant coping styles to anxiety symptoms and suggest that trait anxiety may moderate these relationships.

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Validating a Short-Form Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire Among Chinese Early Adolescents

Hu,

Lyu,

Dai

et al. 2024

Mindfulness

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Objectives While an increasing number of mindfulness-based interventions have shown promising effects in improving child and youth well-being, mindfulness research remains challenged by using valid multifaceted measurements to operationalize the complicated concept of mindfulness across cultural contexts. This study examines the psychometric properties of a Chinese version of the short-form Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) in Chinese nonclinical early adolescents. Method Participants were 551 Chinese early adolescents (mean age = 10.38 ± 0.80, 41.38% girls). Exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM) were conducted to test factor structure and dimensionality of the short-form FFMQ. Measurement invariance was tested by gender and grade. Internal consistency and convergent validity were assessed. Results Our results support the validity of a three-factor, 15-item version of the FFMQ (FFMQ-15) that includes Attention (4 items from the original Actaware subscale, 1 item from the Describe subscale), Observe (4 items from the Observe subscale, 1 item from the Nonreact subscale), and Internal Awareness (3 items from the Nonjudge subscale, 2 items from the Describe subscale). Cronbach’s α for the FFMQ-15 total score was 0.82, and McDonald’s ω was 0.86 (subscales: α = 0.66 to 0.79, ω = 0.71 to 0.82). FFMQ-15 showed acceptable measurement invariance across gender and grade. These findings support the internal consistency and validity of FFMQ-15 among Chinese early adolescents. Conclusions This study validates a short-version FFMQ among Chinese early adolescents. Our findings warrant further cross-cultural research of adolescents’ understanding of mindfulness facets. Preregistration This study is not preregistered.

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Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale: a Psychometric Examination in Chinese Youth

Cited by 5 publications

References 49 publications

The German version of the Revised Children's Anxiety and Depression Scale—Psychometric properties and normative data for German 8‐ to 17‐year‐olds

The German version of the Revised Children's Anxiety and Depression Scale—Psychometric properties and normative data for German 8‐ to 17‐year‐olds

Coping styles and the developmental trajectories of anxiety symptoms in children during transition into early adolescence

Validating a Short-Form Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire Among Chinese Early Adolescents

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