Revised guides for organ sampling and trimming in rats and mice – Part 2

Kittel, Birgit; Ruehl-Fehlert, Christine; Morawietz, Gerd; Klapwijk, Jan; Elwell, Michael R.; Lenz, Barbara; O’Sullivan, M. Gerard; Roth, Daniel; Wadsworth, P.F.

doi:10.1078/0940-2993-00349

Cited by 230 publications

(130 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…This is particularly true in the mouse. Guidelines on dissection and trimming of these tissues can be found in Boorman, Elwell, and Mitsumori (1990); Kittel et al (2004);andSuwa et al (2001, 2002).…”

Section: Accessory Sex Glands (Prostate Seminal Vesicle Coagulatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is important to examine the entire length of the epididymis because many of its functions are cell-specific and region-specific and epididymal toxicity is frequently region-specific. This is best achieved by preparing a longitudinal section as described by Kittel et al (2004).…”

Section: Fixation and Trimmingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reader is referred to the trimming protocols in goRENI (Kittel et al 2004) and Boorman, Chapin, and Mitsumori (1990) ;Boorman, Elwell, and Mitsumori (1990); Foley (2001);andSuwa et al (2001, 2002).…”

Section: General Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Proper microscopic assessment of testicular tissue in toxicity studies requires use of sexually mature animals, appropriate fixation, sampling and processing (Foley 2001;Lanning et al 2002;Latendresse et al 2002;Kittel et al 2004), and an understanding of spermatogenesis and its histologic presentation in the species under consideration ).…”

Section: Introduction: Testismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Proliferative and Nonproliferative Lesions of the Rat and Mouse Male Reproductive System

Creasy

Bube

Rijk³

et al. 2012

Toxicol Pathol

206

198

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The INHAND Project (International Harmonization of Nomenclature and Diagnostic Criteria for Lesions in Rats and Mice) is a joint initiative of the Societies of Toxicologic Pathology from Europe (ESTP), Great Britain (BSTP), Japan (JSTP), and North America (STP) to develop an internationally accepted nomenclature for proliferative and nonproliferative lesions in laboratory animals. The purpose of this publication is to provide a standardized nomenclature and differential diagnosis for classifying microscopic lesions observed in the male reproductive system of laboratory rats and mice, with color microphotographs illustrating examples of some lesions. The standardized nomenclature presented in this document is also available for society members electronically on the Internet (http://goreni.org). Sources of material included histopathology databases from government, academia, and industrial laboratories throughout the world. Content includes spontaneous and aging lesions as well as lesions induced by exposure to test materials. A widely accepted and utilized international harmonization of nomenclature for lesions of the male reproductive system in laboratory animals will decrease confusion among regulatory and scientific research organizations in different countries and provide a common language to increase and enrich international exchanges of information among toxicologists and pathologists.

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Section: Accessory Sex Glands (Prostate Seminal Vesicle Coagulatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fixation and Trimmingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: General Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introduction: Testismentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Proliferative and Nonproliferative Lesions of the Rat and Mouse Male Reproductive System

Creasy

Bube

Rijk³

et al. 2012

Toxicol Pathol

206

198

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“…The occurrence of gavage-related reflux may be triggered or facilitated by additional factors (Figure 3) that on their own are not likely to result in reflux in rats, but only in combination with gavage dosing; Posterior nose regions, nose cross-section levels 3 and 4 (following RITA trimming guide, Kittel et al 2004) and nose levels 5 through 8 (Damsch et al 2010); Preterminal necropsy/preterminal animal, necropsy prior to scheduled study termination (preterminal animals), including rats that died spontaneously and rats that were euthanized owing to moribund condition; Reflux, (syn. regurgitation): passive, effortless backflow of fluid.…”

Section: Damsch Et Al Toxicologic Pathologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Gavage-Related Reflux in Rats

et al. 2010

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After oral gavage dosing of rats, reflux may occur, resulting in serious respiratory effects and mortality. Published information on gavage-related reflux is limited, as it has not yet been a focus of research. Nevertheless, it represents a recurrent challenge in daily toxicology practice of oral gavage dosing. The absence of clear guidance and criteria for the identification and management of reflux-induced effects can limit the ability to properly interpret toxicity study results. The review presented herein includes an overview of experimental data from gavage studies in rats, in which reflux was observed, and provides a comprehensive analysis of the literature on reflux in general and the different potential pathways contributing to gavage-related reflux in rats. The article aims to increase the awareness and understanding of the pathogenesis of gavage-related reflux and provides guidance on identification of potential risk factors, as well as interpretation of histological changes and their toxicological relevance. Furthermore, differentiation of reflux-induced effects from direct compound-related toxicity and from gavage errors is addressed in particular, and the importance of nasal histology is discussed.

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Pathological Techniques in Toxicology

Greaves

2009

General, Applied and Systems Toxicology

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Histopathological evaluation remains an important part of the assessment of the adverse effects of xenobiotics on the whole organism. In addition to conventional special staining techniques and electron microscopy, new techniques involving immunocytochemistry, molecular biology and novel visualization procedures have provided additional objective techniques that have enabled better functional and morphological characterization of induced alterations in organs of the body. This chapter covers both conventional and new methods involved in the microscopical assessment of tissue changes induced by xenobiotics.

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Revised guides for organ sampling and trimming in rats and mice – Part 2

Cited by 230 publications

References 34 publications

Proliferative and Nonproliferative Lesions of the Rat and Mouse Male Reproductive System

Proliferative and Nonproliferative Lesions of the Rat and Mouse Male Reproductive System

Gavage-Related Reflux in Rats

Pathological Techniques in Toxicology

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