Revision and validation of the medication adherence self-efficacy scale (MASES) in hypertensive African Americans

Abstract

Background To date, no studies have validated the Medication Adherence Self-Efficacy Scale (MASES) in an independent sample of hypertensive African Americans. Purpose The purpose of this study was to revise and assess the validity of the MASES. Methods Study sample included 168 African Americans followed in primary care practices. Mean age was 54 (SD = 12.36); 86% was female; and 76% reported high school education or greater. Participants provided demographic information; completed the MASES, self-report and electronic measures of medication adherence for prescribed antihypertensive medications at baseline and three months. Results Confirmatory (CFA), exploratory (EFA) factor analyses, and classical test theory (CTT) analyses, suggested that MASES is a unidimensional and internally reliable measure with relatively stable scores over 3 months. Results of item response theory (IRT) analyses led to revision of the scale to a 13-item version: the MASES-R. EFA, CTT, and IRT results for the MASES-R supported its reliability and validity. Conclusions Findings suggest that the MASES-R is a brief scale that is quick to administer and can capture useful data on adherence self-efficacy for African Americans. Research examining its psychometric properties in other ethnic groups will improve generalizability of findings and utility of the scale in diverse groups.

Relationship Between Medication Adherence and Health Beliefs Among Patients with Hypertension in Oman: Pilot study

“…9 Self-efficacy for medication adherence was measured using the 13-item revised Medication Adherence Self-Efficacy Scale (MASES-R), with each item rated using a four-point Likert scale. 8 For all questionnaires, higher scores reflect greater adherence, stronger beliefs and greater self-efficacy, respectively; in addition, previous research has confirmed the validity and reliability of these tools. [7][8][9][10][11] Permission to use these questionnaires was obtained from the relevant developers, including permission to use the Arabic versions of the tools.…”

“…8 For all questionnaires, higher scores reflect greater adherence, stronger beliefs and greater self-efficacy, respectively; in addition, previous research has confirmed the validity and reliability of these tools. [7][8][9][10][11] Permission to use these questionnaires was obtained from the relevant developers, including permission to use the Arabic versions of the tools. Only the BIPQ and MASES-R questionnaires were translated to Arabic by the researchers themselves; this was done using previously described translation methods.…”

“…1 High self-efficacy was significantly associated with medication adherence among Omani patients with HTN, a finding which is consistent with that reported in the literature, regardless of differences in measures, study designs or culture. 8,14 Self-efficacy is a critical factor in creating and sustaining health behaviours because it empowers individuals, giving them confidence in maintaining positive health behaviours (e.g. medication adherence).…”

“…Future studies using a longitudinal design with a larger and randomised sample from different regions of Oman are recommended to improve the generalisability of these findings and examine medication adherence over time. [7][8][9][10]12 …”

“…perceived self-efficacy, severity of the disease and the necessity of and concerns regarding the mediciation). 3,[7][8][9][10][11][12] For the MMAS, scores ranged from 0-8 with a cut-off value for adequate adherence set at ≥6 for the purposes of the current study. 7 Beliefs about medication necessity and concerns were measured using two subscales of a validated Arabic version of the Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire (BMQ) obtained from the main developer of the original 11-item questionnaire, similarly scored on a fivepoint Likert scale.…”