Revision of the Genus Sitona (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) of North America

Bright, Donald E.

doi:10.1093/aesa/87.3.277

Cited by 51 publications

(38 citation statements)

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“…and larvae feed on the roots. It currently occurs only in the northern half of the North Island, but its vast distribution in the Northern Hemisphere, which includes Europe (Dieckmann 1980), North Africa, Occidental Asia (Hoffmann 1950) and North America (Bright 1994), suggests it will eventually spread throughout New Zealand. S. lepidus is regarded as being of European origin (Campbell et al 1989).…”

Section: Microctonus Aethiopoides (Hymenopteramentioning

confidence: 99%

Intraspecific variation in the ability ofMicroctonus aethiopoides(Hymenoptera: Braconidae) to parasitiseSitona lepidus(Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Phillips¹,

Cane²,

Mee³

et al. 2002

New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research

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Sitona discoideus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), a pest of lucerne (Medicago sativa), is controlled in New Zealand by the introduced parasitoid Microctonus aethiopoides (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Unfortunately, a second Sitona species, S. lepidus (=flavescens), which has recently invaded New Zealand and has become a pest of white clover (Trifolium repens), is not parasitised by M. aethiopoides. Previous experiments have shown that New Zealand M. aethiopoides will attack S. lepidus, but its eggs appear to be killed by the host immune response. In contrast, M. aethiopoides has been observed to successfully parasitise S. lepidus in Europe. It is possible either A02010; that New Zealand S. lepidus has a more effective immune response to M. aethiopoides than European S. lepidus, or that New Zealand M. aethiopoides is less able to evade the S. lepidus immune system than European M. aethiopoides. An experiment was conducted to compare the suitability of French and New Zealand S. lepidus as hosts for French M. aethiopoides. This provided no evidence of S. lepidus intraspecific variation in host suitability for parasitism. Furthermore, amplification of inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) regions of M. aethiopoides DNA demonstrated clear genetic differences between French and New Zealand M. aethiopoides. It was concluded that intraspecific variation in the ability of M. aethiopoides to evade the immune response of S. lepidus is the reason for the low levels of parasitism observed in New Zealand compared with Europe. Development rate data for M. aethiopoides larvae and pupae are reported.

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Section: Microctonus Aethiopoides (Hymenopteramentioning

confidence: 99%

Intraspecific variation in the ability ofMicroctonus aethiopoides(Hymenoptera: Braconidae) to parasitiseSitona lepidus(Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Phillips¹,

Cane²,

Mee³

et al. 2002

New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research

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“…The clover root weevil Sitona lepidus Gyllenhal (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) is a clover-feeding species of Palaearctic origin, that has become widespread in the northern hemisphere (Bright 1994). It prefers white clover (Trifolium repens L.) (Murray and Clements 1994) and has become an economically important pest in New Zealand where the pastoral industries are dependent on ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.)/white clover pastures for year-round quality forage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field release, establishment and initial dispersal of Irish Microctonus aethiopoides in Sitona lepidus populations in northern New Zealand pastures

2011

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The clover root weevil Sitona lepidus Gyllenhal (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) became an economically important pasture pest in New Zealand shortly after it was discovered in the Waikato region in 1996. A classical biological programme was initiated and an Irish biotype of Microctonus aethiopoides Loan (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) was released at four sites in the North Island in late summer 2006. These sites in Waikato, Hawke's Bay and Manawatu (two sites) regions were monitored monthly and parasitoid establishment confirmed at all sites within four months. In the winter of 2007, parasitism exceeded 70%. A widespread North Island drought in summer 2008 had a severe impact on S. lepidus populations at the Waikato and the two Manawatu release sites, resulting in parasitism below detection levels in the following summer. However, populations recovered by autumn. Within three years at the Hawke's Bay site, M. aethiopoides appears to be suppressing S. lepidus populations and has dispersed naturally over 60 km.

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“…The pea leaf weevil, Sitona lineatus (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), is an important pest of pea, Pisum sativum L., in Europe (Jackson 1920) and North America (Bright 1994). The pea leaf weevil was Þrst discovered in the PaciÞc Northwest in 1936 (Downes 1938) and Þrst recorded in the pea-producing Palouse region of eastern Washington and northern Idaho in the early 1970s OÕKeeffe 1979a, Bright 1994).…”

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Influence of Tillage on Adult and Immature Pea Leaf Weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Densities in Pea

Hanavan

Bosque‐Pérez

Schotzko

et al. 2010

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The pea leaf weevil, Sitona lineatus (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), has been a major pest of pea, Pisum sativum L., in eastern Washington and northern Idaho since its introduction to the region in the early 1970s. Eggs are deposited in the spring on the soil surface and first instars hatch and move to pea root nodules, where larvae feed before they pupate and adults emerge in mid- to late summer. No-tillage practices are known to reduce pea leaf weevil colonization in pea, but the effects of tillage on larval densities and subsequent adult emergence have not been examined. During 2005, 2006, and 2007, we compared densities of colonizing adult and immature pea leaf weevils on pea plots grown using conventional tillage and no-tillage. In 2005 and 2006, emergence of adult pea leaf weevil was monitored in the same plots. Densities of colonizing adult and immature pea leaf weevil were significantly higher in conventional tillage plots. Larvae in conventional tillage were further along in development than larvae in no-tillage plots during June and July. Densities of emerging adult pea leaf weevil were significantly greater from conventional tillage than no-tillage plots. Based on densities of colonizing and subsequent emerging adults, survival of weevils from egg through adult was greater in conventional tillage plots. Soils under no-tillage are cooler, resulting in later emergence of the pea crop and delayed root nodule development, possibly affecting the ability of first-instar pea leaf weevil to locate host plant roots. Our results indicate no-tillage fields are less suitable for pea leaf weevil colonization and survival than conventional tillage fields.

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Revision of the Genus Sitona (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) of North America

Cited by 51 publications

References 0 publications

Intraspecific variation in the ability ofMicroctonus aethiopoides(Hymenoptera: Braconidae) to parasitiseSitona lepidus(Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Intraspecific variation in the ability ofMicroctonus aethiopoides(Hymenoptera: Braconidae) to parasitiseSitona lepidus(Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Field release, establishment and initial dispersal of Irish Microctonus aethiopoides in Sitona lepidus populations in northern New Zealand pastures

Influence of Tillage on Adult and Immature Pea Leaf Weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Densities in Pea

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