Revision of the Grillotia erinaceus (van Beneden, 1858) species complex (Cestoda: Trypanorhyncha), with the description of G. brayi n. sp.

Abstract

Members of the trypanorhynch cestode genus Grillotia Guiart, 1927 belonging to the Grillotia erinaceus (van Beneden, 1858) species complex are redescribed. The type-species of the genus, G. erinaceus, is redescribed from Raja spp. in the eastern and western north Atlantic and the Mediterranean. The redescription establishes the presence of: an hermaphroditic sac; internal and external seminal vesicles (but absence of an accessory seminal vesicle); a uterine pore; and the attachment of the retractor muscle in the mid-region of the tentacular bulb. G. pseuderinaceus Dollfus, 1969 and G. recurvispinis Dollfus, 1969 from Raja spp. in the Mediterranean are considered to be synonyms of G. erinaceus, following Palm (2004). G. dollfusi Carvajal, 1971 from R. chilensis Guichenot off Chile is redescribed from the paratypes and features of the terminal genitalia, consistent with those of G. erinaceus, are described for the first time. G. musculara (Hart, 1936) is redescribed from new material collected from the type-host, R. rhina (Jordan & Gilbert), off Nanaimo on the western coast of Canada. The features of the terminal genitalia of G. musculara are similar to those of the G. erinaceus group. The morphological features of G. borealis Keeney & Campbell, 2001 from Bathyraja spp. in the Bering Sea and the Sea of Okhotsk are summarised and illustrations of this species provided. G. brayi n. sp. is described from Amblyraja radiata from the coasts of Iceland and Britain. The new species differs from other members of the complex in lacking modified hooks 1 and 1' at the base of the tentacle (differentiating it from G. erinaceus), a long pars vaginalis (differentiating it from G. dollfusi) and uncinate hooks in the band on the external surface of the tentacle (differentiating it from G. musculara). Brief descriptions are provided of two apparently new species of Grillotia currently represented in collections by single specimens.

Parasite community structure of cod from Bear Island (Barents Sea) and Pomeranian Bay (Baltic Sea)

“…The cestode G. erinaceus, whose larvae were found in one cod specimen, is recorded in this region very rarely. The adult parasites were found most recently in Amblyraja radiata (re− ferred to as Raja radiata) by Poljansky 1955 andBeveridge andCampbell 2007. Digeneans were noted only in cod from the Bear Island fishing ground. H. levinseni is largely a parasite of gadiforms and salmonids from the north Atlantic Ocean, the Arctic Ocean and the north Pacific Ocean (Gibson and Bray 1986).…”

Grillotia erinaceus (van Beneden, 1858) (Cestoda:Trypanorhyncha) from whiting in the Black Sea, with observations on seasonality and host-parasite interrelationship

“…As shown experimentally by Young (1955), the elasmobranch final host becomes infested by feeding on the teleost intermediate host (Lubieniecki 1976). Grillotia erinaceus was described first from species of Raja Linnaeus off the coast of Belgium but was subsequently reported from various species of rays on both sides of the north Atlantic (Dollfus 1942 -cited by Beveridge and Campbell (2007). There have been several studies on the presence of different Grillotia species in their hosts in relation with some host characteristics such as length and sex (Lubieniecki 1976, Sanmartin et al 2000, Timi et al 2005.…”

Microthrix pattern of Pseudogilquiniathomasi (Palm, 2000) (Cestoda: Trypanorhyncha) and a review of surface ultrastructure within the family Lacistorhynchidae Guiart, 1927

“…Grillotia Guiart, 1927 is a speciose genus in the Grillotiinae with several revisions during the last decades (Dollfus, ; Palm, ; Beveridge and Campbell, ). Palm () presented a generic diagnosis in which the microtriches were described for the first time.…”

“…According to the most recent classification for this order (Palm, 2004), this taxon has five superfamilies, of which the Lacistorhynchoidea Guiart, 1927 consists of two families Pterobothriidae Pintner, 1931 andLacistorhynchidae Guiart, 1927. The second family possesses 17 genera and 61 species (Palm, 2004;Beveridge and Campbell, 2007;Beveridge and Justine, 2007a, b;Menoret and Ivanov, 2009;Beveridge and Campbell, 2010;Beveridge and Campbell, 2012;Menoret and Ivanov, 2012;Beveridge and Campbell, 2013). Of these 61 species, information on the microtriches of 29 species is more or less available (see Table 4).…”