New distribution data and taxonomic changes to the checklists of two Darwin wasp subfamilies, Poemeniinae and Xoridinae, in Poland and Ukraine are provided. Two poemeniine species, Neoxorides montanus Oehlke, 1966 and N. striatus Johansson, 2020, are added on the Ukrainian list. Another species, Neoxorides opacus (Kokujev, 1903), with its first authenticated host record, Xylotrechus rusticus (Linnaeus, 1758), is a new species record for Poland and Ukraine. Two species of the Xoridinae, Odontocolon styx Johansson, 2020 and Xorides stepposus Kasparyan, 1981, are the first records for Poland and two species, X. depressus (Holmgren, 1860) and X. sordator (Thunberg, 1824), for Ukraine. In addition, Xorides rusticus (Desvignes, 1856) should be excluded and two species, X. fuligator (Thunberg, 1822) and X. sapporensis (Uchida, 1928), should be added on the Ukrainian checklist instead of the recently synonymised X. niger (Pfeffer, 1913) and X. hedwigi Clement, 1938, respectively. The possible synonymy of Xorides annulator (Fabricius, 1804), X. propinquus (Tschek, 1869) and X. corcyrensis (Kriechbaumer, 1894) is discussed.