Revisiting phylogenetic diversity and cryptic species of Cenococcum geophilum sensu lato

Obase, Keisuke; Douhan, Greg W.; Matsuda, Yosuke; Smith, Matthew E.

doi:10.1007/s00572-016-0690-7

Cited by 25 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Fungi belonging to Tomentella , Russula , and Cenococcum were proposed as major actors of forest ecosystems under drought conditions [ 8 ], and the predominance of Cenococcum and Tomentella confirmed previous EcM surveys based on morphological identification in the Maâmora habitat [ 40 ]. Cenococcum is one of the most common and abundant fungi in forest ecosystems [ 41 , 42 ], but over 40 different OTUs were unequally distributed in the three forest habitats, confirming reports of intraspecific diversity at local and large geographical scales [ 43 – 45 ]. Remarkably, potential parasites of Cenococcum sclerotia [ 46 ], Cladophialophora and Oidiodendron (10% of Ascomycota sequences) were present along with Cenoccocum .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

“…Remarkably, an intraspecific Cenococcum ecological preference related to land use and succession stages (association with Chefchaoun, low disturbances), and not only to drought resistance, was shown in the Moroccan cork oak forest. However, Cenococcum is usually described as a multi-stage fungus due to its worldwide predominance and stability in forest ecosystems [ 41 , 42 , 58 ]. Certain Russula OTUs might also be seen as indicators of disturbance levels (association with Maâmora, high disturbances).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Habitat- and soil-related drivers of the root-associated fungal community of Quercus suber in the Northern Moroccan forest

et al. 2017

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Soil fungi associated with plant roots, notably ectomycorrhizal (EcM) fungi, are central in above- and below-ground interactions in Mediterranean forests. They are a key component in soil nutrient cycling and plant productivity. Yet, major disturbances of Mediterranean forests, particularly in the Southern Mediterranean basin, are observed due to the greater human pressures and climate changes. These disturbances highly impact forest cover, soil properties and consequently the root-associated fungal communities. The implementation of efficient conservation strategies of Mediterranean forests is thus closely tied to our understanding of root-associated fungal biodiversity and environmental rules driving its diversity and structure. In our study, the root-associated fungal community of Q. suber was analyzed using high-throughput sequencing across three major Moroccan cork oak habitats. Significant differences in root-associated fungal community structures of Q. suber were observed among Moroccan cork oak habitats (Maâmora, Benslimane, Chefchaoun) subjected to different human disturbance levels (high to low disturbances, respectively). The fungal community structure changes correlated with a wide range of soil properties, notably with pH, C:N ratio (P = 0.0002), and available phosphorus levels (P = 0.0001). More than 90 below-ground fungal indicators (P < 0.01)–either of a type of habitat and/or a soil property–were revealed. The results shed light on the ecological significance of ubiquitous ectomycorrhiza (Tomentella, Russula, Cenococcum), and putative sclerotia-associated/ericoid mycorrhizal fungal taxa (Cladophialophora, Oidiodendron) in the Moroccan cork oak forest, and their intraspecific variability regarding their response to land use and soil characteristics.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Habitat- and soil-related drivers of the root-associated fungal community of Quercus suber in the Northern Moroccan forest

et al. 2017

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“…is often considered to be an indicator of drought stress (Pigott 1982 ) and, in the case of our study, may be the result of competition for water resources, arising from a dense soil cover by Hedera helix . Cenococcum geophilum was recently phylogenetically analyzed by Obase et al ( 2016 ). Using a combination of ITS ribosomal DNA and the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) gene, six well-supported clades were resolved, two of which are found in Europe.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycorrhizal associations of the exotic hickory trees, Carya laciniosa and Carya cordiformis, grown in Kórnik Arboretum in Poland

et al. 2018

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We studied mycorrhizal associations of North American Carya laciniosa and Carya cordiformis trees, successfully acclimated to local habitat conditions of the historic Kórnik Arboretum in Poland, in order to better understand mycorrhizal host range extensions in new environments. The root systems of Carya seedlings (1–3 years old), regenerated under a canopy of mature hickory trees, were analyzed using microscopic, morphological, and molecular techniques. Our results, for the first time, indicate that C. laciniosa and C. cordiformis have both arbuscular and ectomycorrhizal associations. In the cleared and stained roots of both Carya species, typical structures of arbuscular mycorrhizae (vesicles, arbuscules, hyphal coils, and intercellular nonseptate hyphae) were detected. On the basis of ITS rDNA sequencing, 40 ectomycorrhizal fungal taxa were revealed, with 25 on C. laciniosa and 19 on C. cordiformis. Only four fungal species (Cenococcum geophilum sensu lato, Russula recondita, Xerocomellus cisalpinus, Humaria hemisphaerica) were shared by both Carya species. The high number of infrequent fungal taxa found, as well as the calculated richness estimator, indicates that the real ectomycorrhizal community of C. laciniosa and C. cordiformis is probably richer. The ability of the exotic Carya species to form arbuscular and ectomycorrhizal linkages with native fungi could be a factor in the successful establishment of these tree species under the conditions of Kórnik Arboretum.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1007/s00572-018-0846-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…The rDNA ITS region has been accepted as the barcoding gene for fungi (Schoch et al 2012), and molecular phylogenetic methods are now widely applied for distinction and definition of fungal taxa. This has led to the description of cryptic species representing distinct phylogenetic lineages (Krüger et al 2004;Geml et al 2006;Balasundaram et al 2015;Obase et al 2016;Sanchez-Garcia et al 2016;Dowie et al 2017;Mukhin et al 2018). Meanwhile, multi-gene phylogenies have proven to be especially reliable for species definition, confirming several of these cryptic taxa, as in Amanita and Fomes (Pristas et al 2013;Balasundaram et al 2015).…”

Section: Cryptic Species Revisitedmentioning

confidence: 99%

How to resolve cryptic species of polypores: an example in Fomes

et al. 2019

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Species that cannot be easily distinguished based on morphology, but which form distinct phylogenetic lineages based on molecular markers, are often referred to as cryptic species. They have been proposed in a number of fungal genera, including the basidiomycete genus Fomes. The main aim of this work was to test new methods for species delimitation in cryptic lineages of polypores, and to define useful characters for species identification. A detailed examination of a number of different Fomes strains that had been collected and isolated from different habitats in Italy and Austria confirmed the presence of distinct lineages in the Fomes fomentarius clade. Our zero hypothesis was that the Mediterranean strains growing on Quercus represent a species which can be delimited based on morphological and physiological characters when they are evaluated in statistically relevant numbers. This hypothesis was tested based on phylogenetic analysis of the rDNA ITS region, morphological characters of basidiomes and pure cultures, growth rates and optimum growth temperature experiments, mycelial confrontation tests, enzyme activity tests and volatile organic compound (VOC) production. The Mediterranean lineage can unambiguously be delimited from F. fomentarius. A syntype of an obscure and previously synonymized name, Polyporus inzengae, represents the Mediterranean lineage that we recognize as Fomes inzengae, a distinct species. The rDNA ITS region is useful for delimitation of Fomes species. Moreover, also a variety of morphological characters including hymenophore pore size, basidiospore size, and diameter of skeletal hyphae are useful delimiting characters. The ecology is also very important, because the plant host appears to be a central factor driving speciation. Physiological characters turned also out to be species-specific, e.g. daily mycelial growth rates or the temperature range of pure cultures. The production of VOCs can be considered as a very promising tool for fast and reliable species delimitation in the future.

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Revisiting phylogenetic diversity and cryptic species of Cenococcum geophilum sensu lato

Cited by 25 publications

References 44 publications

Habitat- and soil-related drivers of the root-associated fungal community of Quercus suber in the Northern Moroccan forest

Habitat- and soil-related drivers of the root-associated fungal community of Quercus suber in the Northern Moroccan forest

Mycorrhizal associations of the exotic hickory trees, Carya laciniosa and Carya cordiformis, grown in Kórnik Arboretum in Poland

How to resolve cryptic species of polypores: an example in Fomes

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