Revisiting the bioavailability of flavan-3-ols in humans: A systematic review and comprehensive data analysis

Pede, Giuseppe Di; Mena, Pedro; Bresciani, Letizia; Achour, Mariem; Lamuela‐Raventós, Rosa M.; Estruch, Ramón; Landberg, Rikard; Kulling, Sabine E.; Wishart, David S.; Rodriguez-Mateos, Ana; Crozier, Alan; Manach, Claudine; Rio, Daniele Del

doi:10.1016/j.mam.2022.101146

Cited by 30 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 125 publications

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“…Taken together, recent systematic reviews and meta‐analyses have confirmed the value, safety, and efficacy of procyanidins (Di Pede et al, 2023; Ren et al, 2021) and anthocyanins (Fallah et al, 2020; Kimble et al, 2023; Yang et al, 2017) in the prevention, adjuvant therapy, and management of cardiometabolic disease. The present review analyzed, compared, and discussed the chemical structures, biosynthetic pathways and regulation, coloration, distribution, extraction and isolation, efficacy, and potentials of anthocyanins and procyanidins.…”

Section: Conclusion and Prospectsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Research progress of proanthocyanidins and anthocyanidins

Zhao

Jiang

Lü

et al. 2023

Phytotherapy Research

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Proanthocyanidins (PA) are polyphenol compounds that are widely distributed in the bark, fruit core, skin, or seeds of various plants. Anthocyanidins are water-soluble natural pigments widely found in plants. They are all flavonoids, a major coloring substance in plants and fruits. In recent years, research into PA and anthocyanins has become increasingly popular because of their excellent anti-oxidation, scavenging of reactive oxygen free radicals and other physical and chemical activities, and their anti-cancer, vision protection, aging prevention, skin beauty pharmacological, and nutraceutical effects. Especially, recent systematic reviews and meta-analyses indicate their value, safety, and efficacy in the prevention, adjuvant therapy, and management of cardiometabolic disease. Here, we summarize their research progress from the aspects of chemical structure, biosynthetic pathways, distribution, extraction and separation, coloration, efficacy, and potential. The comparison between them might provide a reference for their development and efficient utilization. However, more large-sample-size randomized controlled trials and high-quality studies are needed to firmly establish their clinical efficacy.

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Section: Conclusion and Prospectsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Research progress of proanthocyanidins and anthocyanidins

Zhao

Jiang

Lü

et al. 2023

Phytotherapy Research

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“…In fact, 82% of ingested (−)-epicatechin was bioavailable, [27] while poor recovery of microbial metabolites in urine after supplementation with flavan-3-ols from berries was reported. [26] Thus, as highlighted by Di Pede et al, the microbial metabolism of flavan-3-ols in in vitro fecal batch fermentations is highly dependent on the structure of the molecules and especially by their DP. [21] Ottaviani et al fractionated a flavan-3-ols richextract from cocoa into flavan-3-ols monomers and PACs with DP ranging from 2 to 10 and demonstrated that only flavan-3ols monomers contributed to the circulating pool of metabolites and flavan-3-ols in human plasma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A recent systematic review estimated the bioavailability of different dietary sources of flavan‐3‐ols and determined that their mean bioavailability was approximatively of 31%. [ 26 ] However, the bioavailability of the flavan‐3‐ols was highly dependent on the dietary source. In fact, 82% of ingested (−)‐epicatechin was bioavailable, [ 27 ] while poor recovery of microbial metabolites in urine after supplementation with flavan‐3‐ols from berries was reported.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Gut Microbiota's Ability to Metabolize Oligomeric and Polymeric Flavan‐3‐ols from Aronia and Cranberry

Lessard‐Lord,

Roussel,

Guay

et al. 2024

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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Clinical trials investigating the health effects of flavan‐3‐ols yield heterogeneous results due to interindividual variability in the gut microbiota metabolism. In fact, different groups in the population have similar metabolic profiles following (−)‐epicatechin and (+)‐catechin gut microbial metabolism and can be regrouped into so‐called metabotypes. In this study, the capacity of 34 donors to metabolize polymeric B‐type flavan‐3‐ols from aronia and oligomeric A‐type flavan‐3‐ols from cranberry is investigated by in vitro fecal batch fermentations. Less than 1% of the flavan‐3‐ols from both sources are converted into microbial metabolites, such as phenyl‐γ‐valerolactones (PVLs). To further confirm this result, gut microbial metabolites from flavan‐3‐ols are quantified in urine samples collected from participants, before and after a 4‐day supplementation of cranberry extract providing 82.3 mg of flavan‐3‐ols per day. No significant difference is observed in the urinary excretion of flavan‐3‐ols microbial metabolites. Hence, it demonstrates by both in vitro and in vivo approaches that flavan‐3‐ols from aronia and cranberry are poorly degraded by the gut microbiota. The beneficial health impacts of these molecules likely stem from their capacity to affect gut microbiota and their interactions with the gut epithelium, rather than from their breakdown into smaller metabolites.

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“…In previously reported intervention studies, reviewed in (50), this molecule was detected in plasma, on average, at much lower concentrations, ranging from 0.03 to 0.38µM(50). Meanwhile, a more recent review shown higher plasma concentrations with a mean Cmax across several studies of 0.87 ± 1.33µM, on par with breast milk concentrations(51). By contrast, other flavan-3-ols like (epi)catechin, was detected at higher concentration in plasma ranging from 0.09 to 1.10µM, in comparison to breast milk of 0.03 to 0.24µM(50).…”

Section: (Poly)phenolic Content In Human Breast Milkmentioning

confidence: 99%

(Poly)phenols in Human Breast Milk and their health benefits for the newborn

Carregosa

Silva

Teixeira

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Human breast milk is the first food source available to newborns and is responsible for healthy growth and development during the first months of life. Human breast milk contains vitamins, hormones, cytokines, microbiota, and immune cells that are responsible for such healthy conditions. Nonetheless, knowledge of the vast array of molecules present in human breast milk and their potential health effects is still lacking. The effects of mothers diets on the molecules present in human breast milk are also generally unknown. The health benefits of (poly)phenols have been largely increasing but their presence in breast milk has been put largely aside. The impact of the mothers diet in the presence and quantification of these molecules in milk has also been overlooked. Above all, the potential benefits of (poly)phenols for newborns are just a vast emptiness of what is known about (poly)phenol research.

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Revisiting the bioavailability of flavan-3-ols in humans: A systematic review and comprehensive data analysis

Cited by 30 publications

References 125 publications

Research progress of proanthocyanidins and anthocyanidins

Research progress of proanthocyanidins and anthocyanidins

Assessing the Gut Microbiota's Ability to Metabolize Oligomeric and Polymeric Flavan‐3‐ols from Aronia and Cranberry

(Poly)phenols in Human Breast Milk and their health benefits for the newborn

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