“…The coefficient on ES 0 is À0.26 percent and significant, suggesting a negative reaction to positive earnings surprises and vice versa. 19 Consistent with Cheng and Leung (2006) the coefficient on ES 0 is not significantly different from zero when we estimate question (1) excluding the variable DEF 1 . 19 The three positive earnings surprise dummies, D(+, À), D(+, 0) and D(+, +), are each associated with significantly positive abnormal returns, consistent with an interaction effect (Kane et al, 1984;Easton, 1991 andGunasekarage andPower, 2006).…”