2019
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-08640-0
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Revisiting the distribution of oceanic N2 fixation and estimating diazotrophic contribution to marine production

Abstract: Marine N2 fixation supports a significant portion of oceanic primary production by making N2 bioavailable to planktonic communities, in the process influencing atmosphere-ocean carbon fluxes and our global climate. However, the geographical distribution and controlling factors of marine N2 fixation remain elusive largely due to sparse observations. Here we present unprecedented high-resolution underway N2 fixation estimates across over 6000 kilometers of the western North Atlantic. Unexpectedly, we find increa… Show more

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Cited by 83 publications
(109 citation statements)
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“…Our observation of high rates (>500 μmol N·m −2 ·day −1 ) at inshore stations supports the growing body of evidence that ocean margins contribute a greater amount of newly fixed N than previously thought Tang et al, 2019). Our observation of high rates (>500 μmol N·m −2 ·day −1 ) at inshore stations supports the growing body of evidence that ocean margins contribute a greater amount of newly fixed N than previously thought Tang et al, 2019).…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 85%
“…Our observation of high rates (>500 μmol N·m −2 ·day −1 ) at inshore stations supports the growing body of evidence that ocean margins contribute a greater amount of newly fixed N than previously thought Tang et al, 2019). Our observation of high rates (>500 μmol N·m −2 ·day −1 ) at inshore stations supports the growing body of evidence that ocean margins contribute a greater amount of newly fixed N than previously thought Tang et al, 2019).…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 85%
“…Richelia shows a relatively homogeneous distribution in the tropical ocean with hot spots predicted in the Amazon River plume, near Hawaii, and in the Mediterranean Sea, in agreement with observations from studies not included in our training dataset (Crombet et al, 2011;Villareal et al, 2012;Weber et al, 2016). In addition, although the quantification of diazotrophs in coastal oceans is scarce in our dataset, diazotrophic hot spots are predicted in coastal waters (e.g., eastern American coast, coast of islands in the western Pacific), in line with the recent studies of Tang, Wang, et al (2019) and Mulholland et al (2019). More broadly, the RF-estimated distributions of diazotrophs combining Trichodesmium, UCYN-A, UCYN-B, and Richelia match the modeled distribution of N 2 fixation by Tang, Li, and Cassar (2019).…”
Section: Machine Learning Estimates and Comparison To Other Model Simsupporting
confidence: 91%
“…Most models generally restrict diazotrophs to the oligotrophic tropical and subtropical surface waters. However, this classic paradigm is increasingly being challenged by observations of diazotrophs in aphotic, polar, and coastal waters (Bonnet et al, ; Harding et al, ; Tang, Wang, et al, ). Our RF model indeed predicts high abundance of diazotrophs in the undersampled coastal waters, South Atlantic, southern Indian Ocean, and polar regions.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Richelia symbioses inside the cells of several host diatoms, such as Rhizosolenia/Guinardia and Hemiaulus, whereas Calothrix attaches epiphytically to host diatoms, such as Chaetoceros and Bacteriastrum (Gómez et al, 2005;Tuo et al, 2014Tuo et al, , 2017Venrick, 1974;Villareal, 1992). Recent studies have shown unicellular cyanobacteria and noncyanobacterial diazotrophs (particularly proteobacteria) to be more widespread and actively N 2 fixing in the marine environments than previously thought (Li et al, 2019;Moisander et al, 2010;Tang et al, 2019;Zehr et al, 2001). However, it appears that the filamentous Trichodesmium and Richelia/Calothrix remain to be crucial N 2 -fixing cyanobacteria throughout the warm oligotrophic ocean (Capone et al, 1997(Capone et al, , 2005Carpenter et al, 1999;Foster et al, 2011;Zehr, 2011).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 98%
“…Therefore, Kuroshio and its branches strongly intrude into the ECS and SYS (ECSYS), which profoundly influence the physicochemical environment and biogeochemical processes (Chen, 2009;Zhang et al, 2007). N 2 fixation rates (NFRs) in Kuroshio and adjacent waters Shiozaki et al, 2010;Wu et al, 2018;Zhang et al, 2012) were found to be higher than those reported in most global seas (Landolfi et al, 2018;Luo et al, 2012;Tang et al, 2019). Kuroshio is recognized as the hotspot of N 2 fixation in the Pacific Ocean where fixed N contributes significant role in the N budget (Shiozaki et al, 2010;Shiozaki, Takeda, et al, 2015).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%