Iron humates are eco-friendly fertilizers
that are less efficient than iron synthetic chelates at correcting
iron chlorosis. The aim of this work was to improve the efficiency
of a leonardite iron humate (LIH), by studying the relationship among
humic acid (HA) accumulation, iron biomineralization on soybean roots,
and iron nutrition in soybean plants under calcareous conditions.
Two hydroponic experiments were performed: a short-term bioassay (21
days) with several doses (10, 20, 50, and 100 μmol of Fe pot–1) of LIH applied once a week and a long-term bioassay
(60 days) with just one application of LIH (250 μmol of Fe pot–1). When LIH was applied several times, it precipitated
on the root, blocking the cell wall pores and reducing iron transport
in plants, while these effects decreased when LIH was applied just
once, thus favoring iron uptake by the plants and avoiding HA accumulation.
Jarosite was observed on the surface of soybean roots.