Revisiting the Relationship Between Suicide and Unemployment in Mexico: Evidence From Linear and Non-linear Co-integration

Wang, Mei-Chih; Lin, Feng-Li; Su, Hsiu-Hui; Kuo, Pao Lan

doi:10.3389/fpubh.2020.00060

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The gender distribution of cases of suicide is thus similar to that in Germany as a whole in 2020, in which 75.7% of those who completed suicide were men (Federal Health Service Germany/Statistisches . Consistent with studies reporting an association between suicides and suicidal ideation with unemployment or duration of unemployment (Breuer, 2015;Faria et al, 2020;Fountoulakis, 2020;Wang et al, 2020), the unemployment rate was 37.1% in the ITS sample whereas it was 7.6% in Hamburg overall at the time (Federal Agency of Work Germany/Bundesagentur für Arbeit, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Behavioral and location‐related antecedents of train suicides

Moritz

Nguyen

Jelinek

et al. 2023

Suicide & Life Threat Behav

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Background In the European Union, over 2000 suicides on railway premises were reported in 2020. Identifying individuals' behavioral and location patterns just before they die or attempt to die by train suicide (ITS) is critical for effective prevention of suicides by train. We conducted a naturalistic study using a newly developed instrument for the assessment of fatalities in rail traffic that used information from on‐site video cameras. Methods A total of 56 case files and surveillance recordings of ITS prior to their suicide or suicide attempt were compared to 46 surveillance recordings of matched regular train passengers (RTP) before they boarded their trains. Groups were compared on individuals' behavior as well as location and contextual parameters. Results ITS performed unusual movement patterns more frequently, carried luggage less often, stayed on the platform longer, and let more trains pass relative to RTP. Conclusions If this study is replicated with a larger sample, artificial intelligence could be used to detect suspicious/unusual (movement) patterns in order to prevent train suicide. Social awareness campaigns that foster the identification of people in distress at train stations in combination with lower thresholds for the use of emergency devices on platforms may help to detect potential train suicides and reduce their incidence.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Behavioral and location‐related antecedents of train suicides

Moritz

Nguyen

Jelinek

et al. 2023

Suicide & Life Threat Behav

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“…In 2017, a Korean study reported the risk factors affecting suicide rate in young and middle-aged adults and showed that low income and alcohol consumption played an important role 18 . According to UNICEF, because of the coronavirus induced lockdown, availability of education decreased, pushing more children into child labour [19][20][21] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on intensive care admissions and mortality due to self-poisoning: A retrospective comparative study from a tertiary care hospital

Kidwai,

Fareed,

Ara

et al. 2023

Public Health Toxicol

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ingestion is unfortunately common, but the impact of COVID-19 pandemic has created an alarming upsurge in this practice of self-harm 8,9 . There is a paucity of available data in this regard. Various media reports echo the upsetting revelations of mounting trends in poison ingestion. These reports need an urgent interpretation.LMICs with an already fragile healthcare infrastructure are highly vulnerable to health crises while dealing with pandemics like COVID-19. Moreover, in many critical care settings, clinicians and ICU staff are not adequately trained to assess mental healthcare. The present hospital-based study is designed to highlight the burden on the medical intensive care units (ICUs) due to self-ingestion of poison during the COVID-19 pandemic. Research from various settings, such as ICUs, highlighting suicidal trends, demographic features, and mortality during an ongoing pandemic is crucial to developing collaborative efforts at the global level to combat mental health threats 10 . METHODSAfter the approval of the ethical review board, this retrospective review of medical records was conducted at the medical ICU of a tertiary care hospital in Karachi during the COVID-19 pandemic years 2020-2021. All patients aged ≥14 years who were admitted to the medical ICU for deliberate self-ingestion of poison were included. The demographic features and outcomes of admissions with deliberate poisoning during the 1 March 2020-28 February 2021 (COVID-19 pandemic period) were compared with the same period in March 2019-February 2020 (pre-COVID-19 period). Data regarding number of admissions, age, sex, marital status, employment status, history of any psychiatric illness, length of ICU stay, APACHE score, need for mechanical ventilation, and outcome (discharge, or death), were collected. These were used to compare self-ingestion of poison during lockdown (18 March-30 July 2020) and post-lockdown (1 August-31 December 2020). Associated risk factors for suicide were also examined. Statistical analysisData were analyzed using the statistical software STATA (version 14.2). For continuous variables, mean and standard deviation (SD) are reported, whereas for qualitative variables, frequencies and percentages are given. The comparison between the COVID-19 and pre-COVID-19 periods was assessed using the chi-squared test or Fisher's exact test (for qualitative variables). An independent t-test was used to evaluate the difference after assessing normality, with statistical significance set at p<0.05. RESULTSAmong 915 all-cause admissions during the COVID-19 pandemic period, 217 (23.7%) were admitted to the medical ICU with deliberate ingestion of poison. In comparison, 120 (n=1107; 10.84%) admitted with the same intention in the pre-COVID-19 era (Table 1). The mean age of patients during the pandemic and pre-pandemic periods was 27.25 (SD=9.86) and 25.97 years (SD=9.23), respectively (p=0.244). The age group 14-25 years (n=112; 51.6%) was the most vulnerable group during both periods (p=0.584). Similarly, a greater percentage o...

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“…Although the health-growth literature is not entirely conclusive, the preponderance of studies substantiates the positive ramifications of economic development on health, see O'Donoghue et al (25), Subramanian et al (26), Tapia Granados and Ionides (27), Renton et al (28), Morgado (29), Cole (30), amongst others. Recent studies by Wang (31), Breuer (32), and Wang et al (33) assert a synchronization of mortality with unemployment across various countries. Therefore, while economic growth is vital for health, contractions in economic growth driven by heightened economic uncertainty could bring adverse health consequences.…”

Section: Economic Growth Channelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic uncertainty and population health: insights from emerging markets and developing countries

Liu

2023

Front. Public Health

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This study employs a Bayesian panel vector autoregressive model to examine the impact of economic uncertainty on public health, using an annual, country-level panel dataset of 103 emerging markets and developing countries spanning the years 1995 through 2019. The results from the full sample suggest that the immediate effects of heightened economic uncertainty on health are marginal, yet it may engender prolonged life expectancy and lowered mortality rates. The analysis unveils considerable heterogeneities among various country classifications. The health-enhancing effects of economic uncertainty are predominantly discernible in emerging markets, low-income and upper-middle-income countries. Additionally, a diminution in suicide rates, attributed to escalated economic uncertainty, is uniquely detected in upper-middle-income countries. Furthermore, economic growth and healthcare expenditure emerge as paramount determinants in bolstering overall population health, particularly in lower-middle-income countries. The detrimental effect of environmental pollution on health is more pronounced in emerging markets and middle-income nations. Excluding high-income countries, it is essential to emphasize the beneficial health outcomes resulting from financial development and globalization, as well as the deleterious effects of environmental pollution. Lastly, several policy implications aligned with the findings are outlined, providing a roadmap for decision-makers in these diverse economies to promote better health outcomes.

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Revisiting the Relationship Between Suicide and Unemployment in Mexico: Evidence From Linear and Non-linear Co-integration

Cited by 8 publications

References 41 publications

Behavioral and location‐related antecedents of train suicides

Behavioral and location‐related antecedents of train suicides

Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on intensive care admissions and mortality due to self-poisoning: A retrospective comparative study from a tertiary care hospital

Economic uncertainty and population health: insights from emerging markets and developing countries

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