Revolution by Evolution

Abstract

This chapter will discuss the development of intelligent tutoring systems (ITSs) for education in the last decade and will trace the challenges they meet. The author will examine the social and cultural impacts of several types of ITSs, from data-driven ITSs, which became the backbone of educational data mining approaches, to model-based adaptive systems. The latter utilizes artificial-intelligence-based tools that can provide dialogue to engage students in the learning process, to provide open learning models in order to promote self-awareness, to adopt meta-cognitive scaffolding, to use social simulation models, and to use cultural models. The layout of the chapter is as follows: the author will describe the technology of various ITSs with a focus on implementation of different techniques and algorithms in ITS modules (e.g., student modeling module, pedagogical module, and interface), followed by a discussion of how these ITSs begin to change the whole spectra of educational paradigms toward open everyone-is-a student models.