Revolution in the Urban Revolution: The Emergence of Indus Urbanization

Sindh’s Imbalanced Urbanization: Seeking Sustenance through Revival of Historic Urban Centres

“…Urbanization in Sindh is generally associated with the unprecedented expansion of cities following mass migrations during 1947 Partition, but historical background of the region indicates much deeper roots of its urban progress; archaeological discoveries indicating a pattern of settlements much influenced by the movement of the river (Holmes, 1968;Possehl, 1990;Possehl, 1999;Panhwar,1999). Generally the densities remained most dense along the river corridor; within two or more miles from the banks (Thornton, 1844;Flam, 1999).…”

Heterogeneity, power, and political economy: Some current research issues in the archaeology of Old World complex societies

“…Syntheses of recent empirical work for South Asia focus mainly on the Harappan c'wilization of the Indus Valley in the third and early second millennia B.C. (Kenoyer, 1991a;Meadow, 1991b;Mughal, 1990;Possehl, 1990) and later periods in the subcontinent (Allchin, 1995). Some of the best available summaries of historical trends and current research on African complex societies are presented in Shaw and his colleagues' (1993) encyclopedic edited compilation, The Archaeology of Africa, Food, Metals, and Towns and in other volumes (Hall, 1990;Robertshaw, 1990).…”

8. Cultural Continuity, Identity, and Archaeological Practice in the Indian Context

“…There is general acceptance that South Asian archaeology is characterized by field studies in India (Fairservis 1971, Allchin 1995b, Chakrabarti 2003, Pakistan (Possehl 1990, Kenoyer 1991, Bangladesh (Smith 2000), Sri Lanka (Coningham and Young 1999), Nepal, Bhutan and the Maldives (Petraglia and Allchin 2007), and Afghanistan (Wright 2010). Alternatively, Morrison (2002b) has chosen for South Asia an ecological characterization that sees during the Holocene 1 diverse resources and niches, parallel to those in Southeast Asia.…”

“…In his article entitled "Alternative Histories, Alternative Nations: Nationalism and Modern Historiography in Bengal" (1995), Partha Chatterjee has presented as a "modern" nationalist construct "Indian" or "Hindu" (p. 249). He argues that the inclusion of anti- Indian archaeology often holds caste as an organizing principle 3 (Kenoyer 1989, Possehl 1990, Boivin 2005. Caste is defined as endogamous, hereditary, and hierarchically organised (Marriott 1955, Majumder 1998.…”

“…Harappa is a part, is parallel to developments in northern India, specifically in the Ganga-Yamuna region (1991: Similarly, Gregory L. Possehl (1990) sees in the street-drainage system at Mohenjo-daro the operation of ancient "public" or "civic" institutions. He argues that "maintaining the system so that it was not clogged and a public menace must have been a significant, and probably distasteful, job.…”