2002
DOI: 10.1007/bf03031967
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Revolution, war and modernization: Population policy and fertility change in Iran

Abstract: Fertility trends in Iran over recent decades can be plausibly related to a number of causal factors. Population policy shifts were quite marked, and were related to political upheaval and war, which influenced both official policy and popular perceptions of the nation's need for children. A range of developmental factors were also important. The key fertility trends to be explained include the rise to an exceptionally high level in the early 1980s (a TFR of just below 7), and the speed of the subsequent declin… Show more

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Cited by 57 publications
(39 citation statements)
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“…In Iran, women's educational attainment improved substantially as indicated by an increase in their literacy rate from 35.6% to 74.2% between 1976and 1996(Abbasi-Shavazi 2000. This educational improvement, however, did not translate to women's higher participation in the labour force; rather it declined from 12.9% to 9.1% during the same period (Abbasi-Shavazi et al 2002). Therefore, the negative association between educational attainment of Iranian women and their age at marriage (Kazemipour 2004;Mahmoudian 2005) is more likely to be related to the second scenario (a delay in transition to adulthood) rather than to the first (a rise in opportunity costs of marriage).…”
Section: Theoretical Frameworkmentioning
confidence: 85%
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“…In Iran, women's educational attainment improved substantially as indicated by an increase in their literacy rate from 35.6% to 74.2% between 1976and 1996(Abbasi-Shavazi 2000. This educational improvement, however, did not translate to women's higher participation in the labour force; rather it declined from 12.9% to 9.1% during the same period (Abbasi-Shavazi et al 2002). Therefore, the negative association between educational attainment of Iranian women and their age at marriage (Kazemipour 2004;Mahmoudian 2005) is more likely to be related to the second scenario (a delay in transition to adulthood) rather than to the first (a rise in opportunity costs of marriage).…”
Section: Theoretical Frameworkmentioning
confidence: 85%
“…In Iran, urban population rose from 46.9% of the population in 1976 to 61.3% in 1996 (Amani 2001). Yet, rural residents have become more similar to those living in urban areas in terms of access to education, health, and modern amenities (Abbasi-Shavazi et al 2002). As a result, urban women on average have married only one year later than their rural counterparts during the past few decades (Iran Ministry of Health and Medical Education 2002).…”
Section: Theoretical Frameworkmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In a detailed study, Abbasi et al [18] described the temporal changes in Iran's population over the years which coincided with three different political periods. As a result of better health care and population policies, Iran experienced major population growth in the 1970s and 1980s, which was followed by a relative decline in the rate of population growth.…”
Section: Population Datamentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Despite its extensive resource allocation and social marketing activities, however, the Shah's family planning programme effected relatively modest achievements [6]. Its predominant focus was the urban population, with women targeted as the major recipients of services even though traditional contraceptive methods (notably azl, or withdrawal) were male-oriented [7].…”
Section: Historical Overview Of Family Planning Policy In Iran Under mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The Family Planning Council was dissolved and the family planning programme officially discontinued not long after the revolution in early 1979 [6]. Religious leaders emphasized marriage and family formation as essential Islamic virtues and the government was urged to adopt economic policies that would encourage early marriage.…”
Section: After the Revolutionmentioning
confidence: 99%