Imaging plays many essential roles in nearly all aspects of high-quality cancer
care. However, challenges to the delivery of optimal cancer imaging in both
developing and advanced countries are manifold. Developing countries typically
face dramatic shortages of both imaging equipment and general radiologists, and
efforts to improve cancer imaging in these countries are often complicated by
poor infrastructure, cultural barriers, and other obstacles. In advanced
countries, on the other hand, although imaging equipment and general
radiologists are typically accessible, the complexity of oncologic imaging and
the need for subspecialists in the field are largely unrecognized; as a result,
training opportunities are lacking, and there is a shortage of radiologists with
the necessary subspecialty expertise to provide optimal cancer care and
participate in advanced clinical research. This article is intended to raise
awareness of these challenges and catalyze further efforts to address them. Some
promising strategies and ongoing efforts are reviewed, and some specific actions
are proposed.