Reward reductions found more aversive by rats fed environmentally contaminated salmon

Daly, Helen B.

doi:10.1016/0892-0362(91)90094-d

Cited by 21 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…This finding is consistent with data obtained from studies of adult rats fed Lake Ontario salmon, who also show an increase in successive negative contrast (Daly, 1991(Daly, , 1992. However, the relative contribution of preand/or postnatal exposure is not addressed in Experiment 1.…”

Section: Paternal Effectssupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Specifically, it has been well-documented that adult rats fed ground rat chow with 30% Lake Ontario salmon for 30 days show an increase in responsivity to negative stimuli relative to rats fed ground rat chow with 30% Pacific Ocean salmon or no salmon. This has been shown using several behavioral measures, including reactivity to electric shock (Daly et al, 1989), unpredictable aversive nonreward (Daly et al, 1989), and reductions in anticipated food reward (Daly, 1991(Daly, , 1992. This change in responsivity is specific to negative events per se, given that response to appetitive reinforcers (i.e., food reward during operant and runway CRF) does not differ from control rats (Daly, 1991).…”

Section: Effects Of Great Lakes Fish Consumption 'mentioning

confidence: 92%

“…On the thirteenth day of training the subjects were given the standard 15 pellet reward for the first trial and were then shifted down to 1 pellet for the remaining 5 trials and for all trials on the following 11 days. No unshifted subjects were used because prior work has conclusively shown that unshifted controls will continue to run at asymptotic levels of performance (Daly, 1991 ). Subjects were maintained at 80% of their ad libitum weight by feeding them the appropriate amount of Laboratory Rat Chow 20-30 minutes after testing.…”

Section: Apparatusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The runway alley was used in previously published experiments (Daly, 1991 ). It was painted white, had a clear Plexiglas top, and was 198.5 cm long, 11.4 cm wide, and 14 cm high.…”

Section: Apparatusmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Maternal Consumption of Lake Ontario Salmon in Rats Produces Behavioral Changes in the Offspring

et al. 1998

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The current study assessed the effects of maternal, paternal, or combined parental consumption of Lake Ontario salmon in rats on the behavior of their offspring. Adult female Sprague-Dawley rats were put on a 30 day diet of either ground rat chow containing 30% Lake Ontario salmon (LAKE) or 30% Pacific Ocean salmon (OCEAN). These females were then mated with adult male rats similarly exposed (LAKE or OCEAN). An additional control group of males and females who were fed ground rat chow (MASH) only were also mated. These pairing combinations resulted in five offspring groups: LAKE-LAKE, LAKE-OCEAN, OCEAN-LAKE, OCEAN-OCEAN, MASH-MASH. When the offspring reached 80 days of age, they were tested for reactivity to frustrative nonreward using runway successive negative contrast, which has been repeatedly shown to be increased in adult rats fed Ontario salmon. Consistent with previous work, results showed that the behavior of the OCEAN-OCEAN rats did not differ from the MASH-MASH group, indicating that a salmon diet per se does not cause behavioral change. However, the offspring of dams who consumed Lake Ontario salmon (LAKE-LAKE and OCEAN-LAKE) showed an increased depression effect relative to controls. There was little evidence of a paternal effect. A follow-up experiment employed cross-fostering to determine the relative contribution of pre- and/or postnatal exposure to Lake Ontario salmon consumption on offspring behavior. Rat pups were cross-fostered to or from dams who consumed Lake Ontario salmon during gestation and parturition. Results from two separate replications indicated that prenatal (LAKE to OCEAN) exposure alone or postnatal (OCEAN to LAKE) exposure alone produced a large increase in successive negative contrast relative to controls (OCEAN to OCEAN). These data are strong evidence of behavioral changes produced by maternal consumption of Lake Ontario salmon in the offspring rat. Further, they indicate that either prenatal or postnatal exposure alone is sufficient to produce behavioral changes in the offspring.

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Section: Paternal Effectssupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Effects Of Great Lakes Fish Consumption 'mentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Apparatusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The runway alley was used in previously published experiments (Daly, 1991 ). It was painted white, had a clear Plexiglas top, and was 198.5 cm long, 11.4 cm wide, and 14 cm high.…”

Section: Apparatusmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Maternal Consumption of Lake Ontario Salmon in Rats Produces Behavioral Changes in the Offspring

et al. 1998

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“…Subjects fed the control Pacific Ocean salmon did not take as long to reach the end of the alley. They also soon became adjusted to the new small reward and ran quickly down the alley (see Daly et al, 1989;Daly, 1991Daly, , 1992 for details of the studies).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioral Effects of Prenatal and Adult Exposure To Toxic Chemicals Found in Lake Ontario Fish: Two Methodological Approaches

et al. 1996

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Two research approaches are described that were used to determine behavioral changes following a diet of Lake Ontario fish. Approach 1 involved the correlational method, in which human subjects voluntarily ate contaminated Lake Ontario fish. Demographic information, data on the amount of Lake Ontario fish consumed, and control variables were obtained during an interview. Respondents' behavior, as well as the behavior of their children, then was measured. Because subjects were not assigned randomly to eat or not eat Lake Ontario fish, other variables that might have influenced both consumption of fish and behavior had to be considered. Therefore, confounding variables were measured and their influence controlled for using statistical techniques. Approach 2 involved the experimental method using laboratory rats, where subjects were assigned randomly to receive a diet of environmentally contaminated Lake Ontario salmon, relatively uncontaminated Pacific Ocean salmon, or no salmon. Since the rats fed Lake Ontario salmon behaved differently than the other two groups on nine tasks, it was concluded that the contaminants in Lake Ontario salmon caused behavioral changes. Random assignment of subjects to groups eliminated competing explanations. If similar behavioral (e.g., emotional or cognitive) results were obtained using the two approaches, then the results utilizing rats probably could be generalized to humans, and the correlational results found in humans probably were due to a cause and effect relationship.

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Effects of Great Lakes Fish Consumption on Brain PCB Pattern, Concentration, and Progressive-Ratio Performance

Stewart

Pagano

Sargent

et al. 2000

Environmental Research

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Reward reductions found more aversive by rats fed environmentally contaminated salmon

Cited by 21 publications

References 13 publications

Maternal Consumption of Lake Ontario Salmon in Rats Produces Behavioral Changes in the Offspring

Maternal Consumption of Lake Ontario Salmon in Rats Produces Behavioral Changes in the Offspring

Behavioral Effects of Prenatal and Adult Exposure To Toxic Chemicals Found in Lake Ontario Fish: Two Methodological Approaches

Effects of Great Lakes Fish Consumption on Brain PCB Pattern, Concentration, and Progressive-Ratio Performance

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