“…10 Among the many critics who have called for, and explored the significance of, these developments in the field, the most influential voices include Desmond and Dominguez 1996;Fox and Sadowski-Smith 2004;Giles 2003;Gruesz 2003;G. S. Jay 1991;Kaplan 1993;Muthyala 2001;Porter 1994;Rowe 2000a andIrwin 2003 and diversity, the two nations differ as to how such diversity is actually dealt with and how the multiculturalist ideal has been incorporated into political structures and institutions. As a scholar of cultural studies, I am less interested in assessing, by way of statistics and census data, whether or not the United States and Canada deserve to wear the multicultural label as proudly as they do; the state of multiculturalism cannot be measured and weighed using quantitative methods, though the attempt has been made.…”