RF Currents Induced in an Anatomically-based Model of a Human for Plane-wave Exposures (20-100 MHz)

Chen, Jin‐Yuan; Gandhi, O.P.

doi:10.1097/00004032-198907000-00011

Cited by 55 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…In [13], the authors studied induced currents in human body for plane-wave exposure in 20 -100 MHz range in two cases: isolated from ground (same as in our study) and with feet in contact with the ground. In the isolated case, the induced current had a sinusoidal variation.…”

Section: B Electric Model Of Human Antenna Impedancementioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of currents induced in human body by plane wave exposure at 1–90 MHz

Frère

Alcaras

Lemoine

et al. 2017

2017 11th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EUCAP)

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Abstract-In existing exposure standards and guidelines the relationship between dosimetric quantities at a given frequency is not always consistent as some simultaneously applied limits are more restrictive than others, e.g. limits on induced currents compared to those on external electric field or specific absorption rate (SAR). To evaluate the current induced in the human body in 1 -90 MHz range, we propose an equivalent circuit composed of two elements: the first one provides the voltage at human body mid-height and the second one describes the equivalent human body impedance. Then, assuming that the human body is equivalent to an antenna between 1 and 90 MHz, we calculate induced currents at the human body height. Using the relationship between external electric field and voltage at the body mid-height, we calculate the current along the body and suggest updated limits on induced currents more consistent with the external electric field limits.

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Section: B Electric Model Of Human Antenna Impedancementioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of currents induced in human body by plane wave exposure at 1–90 MHz

Frère

Alcaras

Lemoine

et al. 2017

2017 11th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EUCAP)

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“…Its use in bioelectromagnetics has been increased as well by Gandhi and others [41], [104], [21]. Its use in bioelectromagnetics has been increased as well by Gandhi and others [41], [104], [21].…”

Section: Finite-difference Time-domain Codementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The techniques used in those days were mostly analytical or semianalytical and applied to simplified objects, like homogeneous or layered spheres, cylinders and ellipsoids (see Fig. In the 1980s and early 1990s, several numerical techniques were employed for field predictions inside more realistic human models [21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28] . Later on, numerical techniques, such as the Finite Difference Time Domain Technique [8,9], the Finite Element Method [10, 11 , 12] and Integral Equation Techniques [13,14] [15], were used with simplified models representing the tissue [16,17,18,19,20] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mathematical Modeling of EMF Energy Absorption in Biological Systems

Gajšek¹,

D'Andrea²,

Mason³

et al. 2003

Biological Effects of Electromagnetic Fields

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3D shapes. For the comparison of these three methods however, the homogeneous head model is used in all cases.In section 3.4, the Specific Absorption Rate (SAR), which is a quantitative measure of the election field energy deposited in the human tissue, is estimated P. Stavroulakis (ed.), Biological Effects of Electromagnetic Fields © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2003 3.2 Mathematical Modeling Using Experimental and Theoretical Methods ... 1243 Mathematical Modeling of EMF Energy Absorption in Biological Systems the wave transmitted into the object attenuates as it travels and transfers energy to the object. The more lossy the object, the more rapidly the wave attenuates. This characteristic is described by skin depth: the depth at which the Eand H-fields have decayed to e-1 (0.368) of their value at the surface of the object. Skin depth is also the depth at which the Poynting vector has decayed to e-2 (0.135) of its value at the surface. At higher frequencies, the skin depth is very small; thus most of the energy from the fields is absorbed near the surface. For example, for biological material at 2450 MHz the skin depth is about 2 cm; at 10 GHz, it is about 0.4 cm.Other models--spheres, cylinders, prolate spheroids, block models (cubical mathematical cells arranged in a shape like a human body)--have been used to represent the human body in calculating and measuring energy absorbed during plane wave irradiation [61], [57]. The internal E-and H-fields are functions of the incident fields, the frequency, the permittivity, and the size and shape of the object. Especially important for non planar objects are the effects of the polarization of the incident fields.

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“…Various numerical simulation techniques are now available and provide alternative effective methods to determine SAR distributions in highly sophisticated millimeter-resolution anatomically based models. Among those techniques, the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method has become the most widely used method for bio-electromagnetic applications [7][8][9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calculation of Whole-Body Sar From a 100 MHZ Dipole Antenna

Zhang¹,

Alden²

2011

PIER

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Abstract-This paper presents results of a dosimetry study at an FM broadcasting frequency of 100 MHz. The work focused on SAR calculations with high resolution Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)-based full-body models. FDTD computer modeling used a half-wave dipole as the exposure source. Extensive calculations give the variation of SAR with distance and show that whole-body average SAR exhibits a different distance dependency from the incident power density. Body size has a significant effect on SAR. Based on the numerical results, an empirical formula was developed to describe the relationship between antenna input power and distance for the limiting SAR value.

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RF Currents Induced in an Anatomically-based Model of a Human for Plane-wave Exposures (20-100 MHz)

Cited by 55 publications

References 6 publications

Evaluation of currents induced in human body by plane wave exposure at 1–90 MHz

Evaluation of currents induced in human body by plane wave exposure at 1–90 MHz

Mathematical Modeling of EMF Energy Absorption in Biological Systems

Calculation of Whole-Body Sar From a 100 MHZ Dipole Antenna

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