RFID: From Supply Chains to Sensor Nets

Roy, Sumit; Jandhyala, Vikram; Smith, Joshua R.; Wetherall, David; Otis, Brian; Chakraborty, Ritochit; Buettner, Michael; Yeager, D.; Ko, You-Chang; Sample, Alanson P.

doi:10.1109/jproc.2010.2053690

Cited by 79 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…This results in limited operating range and/or low duty cycles for the digital backscatter platform. Lastly, existing protocols (such as EPC Gen2) are optimized for identification and do not support high data rate streaming of sensor data [1].…”

Section: A Digital Backscatter Sensingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The RFID industry has led this effort by developing long range and inexpensive tags, standardized protocols (EPC Gen2) and RFID reader infrastructure. Due to the tremendous progress made in this field, the sensing community has started exploring RFID technology to develop wireless sensing platforms and solutions [1]. Traditional approaches to sensing use battery powered devices which are bulky, expensive, short lived and need frequent battery maintenance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hybrid analog-digital backscatter: A new approach for battery-free sensing

Talla

Smith

2013

2013 IEEE International Conference on RFID (RFID)

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Abstract-After comparing the properties of analog backscatter and digital backscatter, we propose that a combination of the two can provide a solution for high data rate battery free wireless sensing that is superior to either approach on its own. We present a hybrid analog-digital backscatter platform that uses digital backscatter for addressability and control but switches into analog backscatter mode for high data rate transmission of sensor data.Using hybrid backscatter, we report the first digitally addressable real-time battery free wireless microphone. We develop the hybrid backscatter platform by integrating an electret microphone and RF switch with a digital RFID platform (WISP). The hybrid WISP operates by default in digital mode, transmitting and receiving digital data using the EPC Gen 2 RFID protocol but switching into analog mode to backscatter audio sensor data when activated by Gen 2 READ command. The data is recovered using a USRP-based Software Defined RFID reader. We report an operating range of 7.4 meters for the analog backscatter microphone and 2.7 meters for hybrid microphone with 26.7 dBm output power USRP-based RFID reader.

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Section: A Digital Backscatter Sensingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid analog-digital backscatter: A new approach for battery-free sensing

Talla

Smith

2013

2013 IEEE International Conference on RFID (RFID)

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“…The wireless communication approach avoids using an active transmitter in the tag device for power and space savings. By including a sensory data source in the tag device, real-time sensing and data transmission become feasible for applications in the wireless sensor network (WSN) [2][3][4]. An innovative implementation is for data-intensive applications such as video streaming using the semi-passive devices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coherent query scheme for wireless backscatter communication systems with single tag

Hasanvand

Khaleghi

Balasingham

2018

J Wireless Com Network

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An un-coded multi-transmitter query scheme is introduced for wireless backscatter communication systems in which M transmitters and N receivers are used for single-tag connectivity (M × 1 × N). The main idea is to harden the wireless communication channel with a tag device for high data rate readings. The proposed method is designed for multipath fading channels in which the backscatter channel is a multiplicative Rayleigh. A coherent transmit query scheme is used to increase the tag-reflected signals and simultaneously alter the fading statistics in the forward path by implementing a receiver feedback. Full-diversity performance and array gain is achieved using the receiver diversity without requiring any tag antenna diversity. Therefore, the tag device remains simple. Mathematical expressions for the probability density function (PDF) of the backscatter channel are presented using closed-form equations. Bit error rate (BER) simulations for the binary phase shift keying (BPSK) modulation are computed numerically. Diversity gain of 10 dB is obtained by using a 2 × 1 × 1 scheme. The results show that the transmit diversity for single-tag usage performs the same as the tag antenna diversity, at the expense of a moderate transmitter complexity. The tag device remains intact as a requirement for the simplicity and size constraints. Also, the system realization becomes more feasible due to the available space on the transmitter side to accomplish the uncorrelated forward channel conditions. The feasibility study is demonstrated using softwaredefined radio (SDR) implementations.

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“…These sensor-tags have the capabilities of sensing and more powerful computational capabilities (Smith et al, 2006;Zhang et al, 2009) than ordinary tags. An example of tags integrated with sensors is WISP tags (Smith et al, 2006;Roy et al, 2010). WISP tags can report quantities such as temperature, liquid level, and light.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Inside the WISP tags, the energy taken from the reader operates a 16-bit programmable, low power micro-controller unit. The micro-controller can sample data from the sensors and report that data when probed by the readers (Smith et al, 2006;Roy et al, 2010). These sensor readings can be very large in quantity and very wide in the range of values represented by the readings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient median estimation for large-scale sensor RFID systems

Mustafa

Zhu

et al. 2012

IJSNET

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Abstract:We consider the median estimation problem in a large-scale sensor augmented RFID system. The large-scale deployment of RFID technology has opened the door to innovative ways to integrate RFID and sensor technology. Sensor-tags are tags that can report over 50 types of physical information to a reader. The traditional way to obtain information from sensor-tags is to query each tag. When the number of tags is large, however, it is prohibitive to query tags individually due to the high delay. In this paper, we present a probabilistic algorithm to estimate the median of a set of sensor-RFID tags without individually querying each tag. The median estimation problem is solved using binary search. Our evaluation demonstrates that the median search algorithm exhibits high accuracy and reasonable time latency. Moreover, we also design an exact algorithm for the continuous median update problem. Our algorithm can incrementally compute the exact median in less time.

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RFID: From Supply Chains to Sensor Nets

Cited by 79 publications

References 12 publications

Hybrid analog-digital backscatter: A new approach for battery-free sensing

Hybrid analog-digital backscatter: A new approach for battery-free sensing

Coherent query scheme for wireless backscatter communication systems with single tag

Efficient median estimation for large-scale sensor RFID systems

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