A ubiquitous Knowledge Base (u-KB) is a distributed and decentralized knowledge base where the factual knowledge (i.e. individuals) is scattered among objects disseminated within the environment with no centralized coordination. This paper presents an extended framework to enable u-KBs in mobile scenarios where a semantic discovery is carried out using metadata stored in RFIDs without fixed repositories. A dissemination protocol allows an on-demand retrieval of suitable descriptions directly from tags located on the objects. Such a vision allows to build a truly pervasive environment where autonomous objects compose a self-organized evolving discovery architecture suitable for uCommerce purposes.
Categories and Subject Descriptors
General TermsAlgorithms, Management, Languages.
INTRODUCTIONPervasive computing aims at a model of human-computer interaction where information as well as computational capabilities are deeply embedded into the environment, that is into everyday objects and/or actions. The goal of pervasive computing is to reduce the amount of user effort and attention required in order to benefit from computing systems. As opposed to classical paradigms, where a user explicitly engages a single device to perform a specific task, in pervasive computing the user will interact with many computational devices simultaneously, extracting data from the objects "integrated" into the environment during ordinary activities, even not necessarily being aware of what is happening. "Pervasiveness" refers to manifold aspects involving information storage, processing and discovery. This is achieved by exploiting a relatively large number of heterogeneous micro devices -e.g RFID (Radio Frequency IDentification) tags or wireless sensors-each conveying a small amount of useful information. Due to space, power and cost constraints, such devices are still currently endowed with low storage, little or no processing capability and short-range, low-throughput wireless links, though increasing efforts are being spent to increase such capabilities. Each mobile host in the area can access information only on micro devices in its communication range. Consequently, approaches based on centralized control and information storage are utterly impractical in such scenarios. Pervasive computing calls for a decentralized and collaborative coordination between autonomous mobile hosts. As a consequence, pervasive knowledge-based systems have to achieve high degrees of autonomic capability from the knowledge management point of view, providing transparent access to knowledge sources that may be present in a given area. In [10], we devised solutions for the integration of semantic-enhanced EPCglobal RFID into Mobile Ad-hoc NETworks (MANETs). Semantic annotations were put into RFIDs attached to objects so that tagged goods stored a semantically rich description of the product the tag is clung to. This enabled objects equipped with RFID tags to describe themselves toward the "rest of the world" in a self-contained fashion. Neverthe...