Rhabdomyolysis Masquerading as Cauda Equina Syndrome

Abstract

Lower back pain is a very common presenting condition, with a large proportion resulting from discogenic causes, especially after strenuous activity. In patients with a history of exertion, lower back pain, and acute urinary retention, the obvious diagnosis to exclude would be cauda equina syndrome. We present a case of a 32-year-old man who presented with lower back pain, bilateral lower limb weakness, and acute urinary retention following a recent episode of heavy lifting. He was subsequently diagnosed with rhabdomyolysis. This case highlights that rarer conditions can masquerade as cauda equina syndrome, and even in seemingly straightforward presentations, alternative diagnoses should also be considered.