Rhamnus alaternus growth under four simulated shade environments: Morphological, anatomical and physiological responses

Miralles, J.; Martínez-Sánchez, J.J.; Franco, J.A.; Bañón, S.

doi:10.1016/j.scienta.2010.12.005

Cited by 29 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Under 95% shade, the shoot:root ratio was 0.97, two times higher than the 0 or 50% shade treatments. In Rhamnus alaternus, a decrease in light induces an increasing shoot:root ratio, and this phenomenon was explained by a reduction in evaporative demand due to shading, affecting the water absorption needs, which possibly diminished the root growth (Miralles et al, 2011).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Light Intensity Influences Photosynthesis and Crop Characteristics of Jeffersonia dubia

Rhie¹,

Lee²,

Jung³

et al. 2014

HST

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Jeffersonia dubia is a spring-flowering perennial found in rich forests in Korea and Northern China and has potential as an ornamental or medicinal plant. However, illegal picking and land use change have decreased the number of populations and overall population size of this plant in its natural habitat. Although J. dubia has been reported to be a shade-preferring plant, no study has determined the optimum light intensity for its growth. The objectives of this work were to observe the effects of various shading levels on the physiological responses of J. dubia and to determine the proper shading level for cultivation. Treatments consisted of four shading levels (0%, 50%, 75%, and 95% shade) imposed using black mesh cloth. The number of leaves and dry weight increased with decreased shading. The shoot-to-root ratio increased with increased shading, mainly due to decreased root dry weight under shading. Plants showed low net CO2 assimilation rates and Fv/Fm values combined with low dry matter levels when grown under 0% shade (full sunlight). These results indicate that J. dubia plants experience excessive irradiance without shading, resulting in damage to the photosynthetic apparatus. By contrast, the net photosynthesis rate increased as the shading level increased. Fv/Fm, the potential efficiency of PSII, was 0.8 under 95% shade, indicating that J. dubia is well-adapted under heavy shading. However, the low dry matter of plants in the 95% shade treatment indicated that the low light intensity under 95% shade led to a decline in plant growth. Thus, moderate light (50% shading) is recommended for cultivating J. dubia without physiological defects.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Light Intensity Influences Photosynthesis and Crop Characteristics of Jeffersonia dubia

Rhie¹,

Lee²,

Jung³

et al. 2014

HST

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“…The shoot/root dry weight ratio ranged from 0.48 to 1.05 and from 0.56 to 1.29 in the 'Blanc Rouge' and 'Mantefon' plants, respectively (Table 1), with lower ratios in the plants treated with 160 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 light. In a study by Miralles et al (2011), a decrease in light intensity by shading increased the shoot / root ratio of Rhamnus alternus. A phenomenon that could be explained by a reduction in evaporative demand under shaded conditions, affecting the water absorption needs, thereby possibly reducing the root growth (Rhie et al, 2014).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Vegetative Growth Characteristics of Phalaenopsis and Doritaenopsis Plants under Different Artificial Lighting Sources

Lee¹,

An²,

Lee³

et al. 2017

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This study was conducted to determine the effects of artificial lighting sources on vegetative growth of Phalaenopsis and Doritaenopsis (an intergeneric hybrid of Doritis and Phalaenopsis) orchids. One -month -old plants were cultivated under fluorescent lamps, cool -white lightemitting diodes (LEDs), or warm -white LEDs at 80 and 160 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 . The blue (400 -500 nm) : green (500 -600 nm) : red (600 -700 nm) : far -red (700 -800 nm) ratios of the fluorescent lamps, cool-white LEDs, and warm-white LEDs were 1 : 1.3 : 0.8 : 0.1, 1 : 1.3 : 0.6 : 0.1, and 1 : 2.7 : 2.3 : 0.4, respectively. Each light treatment was maintained for 16 weeks in a closed plant-production system maintained at 28°C with a 12 h photoperiod. The longest leaf span, as well as the leaf length and width of the uppermost mature leaf, were observed in plants treated with warm-white LEDs. Plants grown under fluorescent lamps had longer and wider leaves with a greater leaf span than plants grown under cool-white LEDs, while the maximum quantum efficiency of photosystem II was higher under cool-white LEDs. The vegetative responses affected by different lighting sources were similar at both 80 and 160 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 . Leaf span and root biomass were increased by the higher light intensity in both cultivars, while the relative chlorophyll content was decreased. These results indicate that relatively high intensity light can promote vegetative growth of young Phalaenopsis plants, and that warm -white LEDs, which contain a high red-light ratio, are a better lighting source for the growth of these plants than the cool-white LEDs or fluorescent lamps. These results could therefore be useful in the selection of artificial lighting to maximize vegetative growth of Phalaenopsis plants in a closed plant -production system.In conclusion, vegetative growth of Phalaenopsis plants was promoted by a higher light intensity.; however, since light requirements differ among cultivars, by plant age, or following different acclimation conditions, a more detailed study is needed to determine the optimum light intensity conditions. Warm -white LEDs that contain a high red -light ratio improved vegetative growth of 'Blanc Rouge' and 'Mantefon' plants, indicating that they are a better lighting source than cool -white LEDs or fluorescent lamps for vegetative growth of Phalaenopsis plants. The results of this study could therefore be useful in the selection of artificial lighting for use in closed plant-production systems in order to effectively promote vegetative growth of Phalaenopsis plants. Literature CitedAn SK, Kim YJ, Kim KS (2013) Optimum heating hour to maintain vegetative growth and inhibit premature inflorescence initiation of six-month and one-year-old Phalaenopsis hybrids. Hortic Environ Biotechnol 54:91-96. Anderson JM, Chow WS, Park YI (1995) The grand design of photosynthesis: acclimation of the photosynthetic apparatus to environmental cues. Photosynth Res 46:129-139.

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“…The sun trapping leaves have a higher number of photosynthetic apparatus components providing the photosynthetic capability per unit of leaf area. The capacity of plants to adapt to shading was confirmed by (Miralles et al, 2011). Reed et al (2012) have indicated that the entire photosynthetic apparatus in shade is more efficient at harvesting light, but it assimilates less CO 2 in comparison with the leaves in the sun.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

SChlorophyll a fluorescence of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) varieties under long term exposure to shade

Dąbrowski

Pawluśkiewicz

Baczewska

et al. 2015

Zemdirbyste-Agriculture

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The perennial ryegrass is the species widely used in Europe as forage as well as for creating lawns in urban areas. Unfavourable light conditions in cities are the principal reason of improper growth and functioning of grass communities. The aim of our work was to answer the following questions: what is the adaptive ability of photosynthetic apparatus of perennial ryegrass varieties to long-term reduction of solar radiation and which of the tested varieties has the best properties to be used for grassland establishment under reduced light conditions. A two-factor experiment was conducted with three varieties and three shading variants. Measurements of chlorophyll a fluorescence were provided, and the basic assessed parameters were: minimal fluorescence (F 0 ), maximal fluorescence (F m ), variable fluorescence (F v ) and maximal photosynthetic efficiency of photosystem II (F v /F m ). Gas exchange was also measured. We explored the differences between the selected varieties in terms of their photosynthetic apparatus adaptation to light conditions. During May, all varieties were characterized by increase in minimal and maximal fluorescence levels under reduced light. The most significant changes were noticed for variety 'Taya'. During following months, a trend of decline in photosynthetic efficiency was observed for this variety. For this variety the most significant changes of CO 2 were also noted. The stomatal conductance was not affected by shading. On the basis of our results, we have assumed that each variety is unique in terms of threshold values and demand for light.

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Rhamnus alaternus growth under four simulated shade environments: Morphological, anatomical and physiological responses

Cited by 29 publications

References 48 publications

Light Intensity Influences Photosynthesis and Crop Characteristics of Jeffersonia dubia

Light Intensity Influences Photosynthesis and Crop Characteristics of Jeffersonia dubia

Vegetative Growth Characteristics of Phalaenopsis and Doritaenopsis Plants under Different Artificial Lighting Sources

SChlorophyll a fluorescence of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) varieties under long term exposure to shade

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