Rheological Investigation of Wood-Polypropylene Composites in Rotational Plate Rheometer

Soury, Ehsan; Behravesh, Amir Hossein; Rizvi, Ghaus; Jam, Nathan Jafarian

doi:10.1007/s10924-012-0502-x

Cited by 17 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…On the other hand, at the typical testing temperatures, both dynamic moduli increase with frequency, and, since the storage modulus increases faster than the loss modulus, at a certain frequency a cross-over is reached ( Figure 1 a). This means that the material changes its behavior, i.e., it switches from that of a viscoelastic fluid at low frequencies to that of a viscoelastic solid at higher frequencies [ 14 , 18 , 55 , 72 , 77 , 78 , 79 , 82 , 83 , 84 , 85 , 86 , 87 , 88 , 89 ]. The complex viscosity has a decreasing trend with frequency, similar to a shear thinning fluid, if the Cox-Merz rule was supposed to hold ( Figure 1 b, curve A).…”

Section: Wpc Characterization With Rotational Rheometersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Like in the case of pressure-driven viscometers, the wood flour content has a great influence on the rheological behavior of WPCs. The storage modulus increases with the wood percentage and so does the loss modulus and the complex viscosity [ 13 , 55 , 65 , 72 , 83 , 86 , 87 , 93 , 94 ]. This behavior is primarily a consequence of the filler-filler and filler-polymer interactions as described previously.…”

Section: Wpc Characterization With Rotational Rheometersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At high frequencies, the behavior is qualitatively similar for all wood percentages, with the complex viscosity showing a shear thinning like behavior, that can be modeled as a power law. The effect of the wood particles is limited to the curve becoming steeper at higher filler content ( Figure 1 b) [ 14 , 15 , 53 , 54 , 72 , 77 , 79 , 85 , 86 , 90 , 92 , 93 , 94 , 96 ]. The rheological behavior is, thus, anyway more dependent on the characteristics of the polymeric matrix.…”

Section: Wpc Characterization With Rotational Rheometersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review of Wood Polymer Composites Rheology and Its Implications for Processing

Mazzanti

Mollica

2020

Polymers

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Despite the fact that wood polymer composites are interesting materials for many different reasons, they are quite difficult to shape through standard polymer processing techniques, such as extrusion or injection molding. Rheological characterization can be very helpful for understanding the role played by the many variables that are involved in manufacturing and to achieve a good quality final product through an optimized mix of formulation and processing parameters. The main methods that have been used for the rheological characterization of these materials are capillary and parallel plate rheometry. Both are very useful: rotational rheometry is particularly convenient to investigate the compounding phase and obtain structural information on the material, while capillary viscometry is well suited to understand final manufacturing. The results available in the literature at the moment are indeed very interesting and are mostly aimed at investigating the influence of the material formulation, the additives in particular, on the structural, mechanical, and morphological properties of the composite: despite a good number of papers, though, it is difficult to draw general conclusions, as many issues are still debated. The purpose of this article was to overview the state of the art and to highlight the issues that deserve further investigation.

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Section: Wpc Characterization With Rotational Rheometersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Wpc Characterization With Rotational Rheometersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Wpc Characterization With Rotational Rheometersmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A Review of Wood Polymer Composites Rheology and Its Implications for Processing

Mazzanti

Mollica

2020

Polymers

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“…The processability range is thus only about 20°C wide (180–200°C), and this makes processing particularly difficult at high fiber volume fractions. Nevertheless, the mechanical properties of PP‐based WPC are generally higher than HDPE‐based ones, as can be seen by comparing the main results of papers dealing with HDPE‐based WPC with those dealing with PP‐based WPC . In particular, Englund et al make a comparison between the mechanical properties of various polymer matrix WPCs and find that among PP, PVC, and HDPE, PP‐based ones offer a good compromise between adequate strength and stiffness and good ductility.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rheological and mechanical characterization of polypropylene-based wood plastic composites

2015

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The aim of this article is to investigate the influence of filler content and temperature on the rheological, mechanical, and thermal properties of wood flour polypropylene composites (WPCs). Testing WPCs at high temperatures and percentages of filler is extremely challenging because of reduced linear viscoelastic region, high viscosity, and degradation. In this work, a complete characterization of WPCs with different filler percentages (0–70 wt%) has been made. Rheological tests are performed at 170°C for the WPCs and in the 170–200°C range for neat polypropylene. A single master curve is obtained using two shift factors that can be described by a modified Eilers model and a Williams‐Landel‐Ferry equation. This master curve, fitted with a Carreau‐Yasuda model, can be very useful for predicting the viscosity of WPCs at temperatures that are typically used during processing and for any percentage of filler. POLYM. COMPOS., 37:3460–3473, 2016. © 2015 Society of Plastics Engineers

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“…These results further confirmed that the presence of LCB made LCBPP samples possess longer relaxation time than virgin iPP in the whole process of shear‐induced nonisothermal crystallization. Additionally, Figure also reveals that a great increase in G' occurred at a temperature near to 130, 140, 145, and 150°C corresponding to the initiation of crystallization of iPP, LCBPP1, LCBPP2, and LCBPP3 when the temperature decreased . These results implied that the crystallization temperature of LCBPP samples increased with LCB content, obviously because of the slower molecular relaxation leading to a higher crystalline nucleation after cooling.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 75%

Shear-induced β -form polypropylene in long chain branching isotactic polypropylene

et al. 2015

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Long chain branching polypropylene (LCBPP) with different long chain branching (LCB) contents were prepared by reactive extrusion in the presence of styrene and benzoyl peroxide, and their shear-induced crystallization behaviors were investigated. The results indicated that the LCB structure extended the relaxation time of LCBPP in the molten state, which led to the formation of b-form polypropylene under shear and high cooling rate. The content of b-form (K b ) increased with the increase of LCB content, shearing rate and cooling rate. The K b value of LCBPP3 whose weight average molecular weight was 920,000 g mol 21 could be up to 52.0% with a shear rate of 60 s 21 associated with a cooling rate of 2808C min 21 . This study is expected not only to have a deeper understanding of the shearinduced crystallization behavior of LCBPP, but also provide a new strategy to obtain high level b-form polypropylene. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 56:240-247, 2016.

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Rheological Investigation of Wood-Polypropylene Composites in Rotational Plate Rheometer

Cited by 17 publications

References 9 publications

A Review of Wood Polymer Composites Rheology and Its Implications for Processing

A Review of Wood Polymer Composites Rheology and Its Implications for Processing

Rheological and mechanical characterization of polypropylene-based wood plastic composites

Shear-induced β -form polypropylene in long chain branching isotactic polypropylene

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