Rheological properties of cells measured by optical tweezers

Ayala, Yareni A.; Pontes, Bruno; Ether, D. S.; Pires, Luís Barbosa; Araújo, Glaucy Rodrigues de; Frasés, Susana; Romão, Luciana; Farina, Marcos; Moura‐Neto, Vivaldo; Viana, Nathan B.; Nussenzveig, H. M.

doi:10.1186/s13628-016-0031-4

Cited by 73 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Due to differences in measurement techniques and the inherent cell‐to‐cell variability, reported viscoelastic moduli of living cells differ by up to three orders of magnitude . However, this apparent inaccuracy of the reported results might be related to the influence of the measurement duration on the experimentally determined microrheological properties of living cells.…”

Section: Applications For Biological Samplesmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Strategies for Optical Trapping in Biological Samples: Aiming at Microrobotic Surgeons

Bunea

Glückstad

2019

Laser & Photonics Reviews

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Optical trapping and manipulation of objects down to the Ångstrom level has revolutionized research at the smallest scales in all natural sciences. The flexibility of optical trapping methods facilitates real‐time monitoring of the dynamics of biological processes in model systems and even in living cells. Different optical trapping and manipulation approaches allow displacement of nanostructures with subnanometer precision and force measurements with femtonewton precision. Due to inherent constraints of optical methods, most optical trapping experiments are performed in water or simple aqueous solutions. However, in recent years, there is an ever‐growing interest of shifting from simple aqueous media towards more biologically‐relevant media. Precise optical trapping and manipulation, combined with state‐of‐the‐art microfabrication, will enable the development of microrobotic “surgeons” with tremendous potential for biomedical and microengineering applications. This review introduces the basics of optical trapping and discusses its applications for biological samples, with focus on trapping in biological media and strategies for overcoming the challenges of optical manipulation in complex environments as a stepping‐stone for microrobotic “surgeons.”

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Section: Applications For Biological Samplesmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Ayala et al. employed optical tweezers to determine the microrheological properties of fibroblasts, astrocytes, and neurons . Nishizawa et al.…”

Section: Applications For Biological Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies for Optical Trapping in Biological Samples: Aiming at Microrobotic Surgeons

Bunea

Glückstad

2019

Laser & Photonics Reviews

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“…Note that the optical tweezer has been widely applied in the microrheological measurements of soft matters including polymer solutions, colloidal dispersions, gels, and biological materials . However, it has some inherent problems.…”

Section: Active Microrheologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Rheological Study of Soft Matters: A Review of Microrheology and Microrheometers

Liu

2017

Macro Chemistry & Physics

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To overcome these shortcomings of macrorheology, a number of novel microrheological methods have emerged during the last few decades, [2] often involving a small tracking or probing particle (micrometer size) dispersed in a softmatter medium. By tracking the fluctuation due to thermal energy or applying an external force, usually in the form of magnetic force or optical trap, one can measure local mechanical responses. The local disturbance in a micrometer scale avoids reconstruction of local viscoelastic response, an inevitable problem in bulk rheology, especially when the probe particle size is smaller than the characteristic length of a soft matter. Depending on whether the probe is manipulated by an external force instead of a random walk due to thermal fluctuation, microrheometers can be generally characterized as active or passive ones. For an equilibrium system, the fluctuationdissipation theorem (FDT) guarantees that these two methods are equivalent. [3] In this review, we will detail these two classes of microrheometers, including their basic principles and typical setups as well as some recently developed hybrid microrheometers, [4][5][6] often used in characterizing polymer solutions and biological materials. Passive MicrorheologyIn a passive microrheometry method, the fluctuation of probes dispersed in a soft-matter medium is detected and analyzed by calculating the mean-square displacement (MSD) often from their video-based trajectories or scattered light intensities. Since the fluctuation of probes in space is driven by an extremely small thermal energy (k B T), the results from a passive method are always fallen inside the linear range of viscoelasticity. Generally, the elastic modulus is estimated within an upper limit of hundreds of Pa, which means that passive microrheometers are more suitable for measuring "soft" materials with a low viscosity and elasticity. Otherwise, the probes would be trapped without a measurable movement. Even newly developed super-resolution microscopes can provide a sub-nanometer resolution, [7] they are still not widely available methods and have a limited frequency range (up to 100 Hz). Mechanical properties of a soft matter can be obtained from MSD by using the generalized Stokes-Einstein relation (GSER). [8,9] In two extreme cases, (1) the probe is dispersed in a Newtonian viscous fluid and undergoes a Brownian motion with an MSD of 〈Δr 2 (t)〉. The viscosity η is related to the translational diffusion coefficient D as Microrheological TechniquesRheological properties of soft matter like polymer solutions/gels, colloidal dispersions, and biological materials have been extensively studied by macroscopic methods. Recently, a set of microrheometers has emerged as powerful tools to investigate the dynamics and structures of homogeneous or heterogeneous soft matter at the micro-or nanoscale. In this review, these microrheometers, including some novel hybrid microrheometers are summarized and compared.

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“…In vitro , OTs have for example been used to determine parameters controlling protrusion stiffness in neutrophils, for examining viscoelastic properties of red blood cells and alveolar epithelial cells, for evaluating the swimming force of sperm and for quantifying mechanical properties of single biomolecules as well as performing rheological characterization of the membrane‐cortex complex of single cells .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Holographic optical tweezers‐based in vivo manipulations in zebrafish embryos

Hörner

Meißner

Polali

et al. 2017

Journal of Biophotonics

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Understanding embryonic development requires the characterization of the forces and the mechanical features that shape cells and tissues within the organism. In addition, experimental application of forces on cells and altering cell and organelle shape allows determining the role such forces play in morphogenesis. Here, we present a holographic optical tweezers‐based new microscopic platform for in vivo applications in the context of a developing vertebrate embryo that unlike currently used setups allows simultaneous trapping of multiple objects and rapid comparisons of viscoelastic properties in different locations. This non‐invasive technique facilitates a dynamic analysis of mechanical properties of cells and tissues without intervening with embryonic development. We demonstrate the application of this platform for manipulating organelle shape and for characterizing the mechanobiological properties of cells in live zebrafish embryos. The method of holographic optical tweezers as described here is of general interest and can be easily transferred to studying a range of developmental processes in zebrafish, thereby establishing a versatile platform for similar investigations in other organisms.

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Rheological properties of cells measured by optical tweezers

Cited by 73 publications

References 60 publications

Strategies for Optical Trapping in Biological Samples: Aiming at Microrobotic Surgeons

Strategies for Optical Trapping in Biological Samples: Aiming at Microrobotic Surgeons

Rheological Study of Soft Matters: A Review of Microrheology and Microrheometers

Holographic optical tweezers‐based in vivo manipulations in zebrafish embryos

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