Rheological properties of kaolin and chemically simulated waste

Abstract

This report WI. prepared by E. I. du Pont d. N.mourl.nd Company (Du Pond for the United Stltll Department of Energy under eontr.ct OE-AC08-78SROOOO1 and I, an account of work performed under that Contract. Nelth.r the United Stat ••• the United State. Department of Energy nor Du Pont, nor any of thalr employ"" • mekft .ny wan.nty. IXptltl or 'mpUed. or mumu any. ~, UIbUltv or relPOnsl• , bUllY for thl 8ccuracv. compl.t." .... or ullfulnen of any Info'rrnetlon. apparatus, product. or procel. disclosed h .... ln. or r,present. that itl use ""lit not)ntringe pdvately QWned right.. R.ference her.'n to eny JP8Clfic commerleal product, proc .... or service by trade nam •• mlrk, ",-nufacturer, or otherwise does not 'nflCllnarily constltut. or Imp'V endorsement. recommendadGn, or favoring of same by Du Pont or bV the United Stat •• Government or any agency thereof. The vleM and opinion. of authors expr.ued herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the Unit~ States Government or any agency thereof.

Computer simulation of mobilization and mixing of kaolin with submerged liquid jets in 25,000-gallon horizontal cylindrical tanks

“…Water exclusion results in an increase of solids fraction and viscosity with depth below the sludge surface. This effect has been observed (Selby 1981;Terrones and Eyler 1993) in kaolin sludges settling under their own weight. The effect has been shown to be increased in kaolin sludges that are overburdened by having a depth of supernatant above them.…”

“…Figures 13 through 15 of Selby (1981) show the effect of water exclusion and overburden on a kaolin slurry. The maximum viscosity increase appears to require about two months of settling and to remain constant after that time (Figure 13,op.…”

Mobilization of Sludge in Horizontal Cylindrical Tanks With Submerged Nozzles

“…Typically the sludge in waste storage tanks exhibits a yield stress, and the rheology of the sludge can be characterized by a Bingham plastic model (Selby, 1981;Ceo et al, 1990;. For a Bingham plastic material, the force required to begin movement is considered the product of the yield stress (r o ) and the cross-sectional area (A).…”

Correlation models for waste tank sludges and slurries

“…The increase of viscosity with cumulative shear has been observed in other sludges. One example is kaolidwater sludge, whose viscosity in a fully-sheared condition can be higher by a factor of 10 than the viscosity of unsheared sludge of the same composition (Selby 1981). After the kaolidwater sludge has undergone enough total shear, the viscosity levels off at a final maximum value.…”