Rheology of Natural Hydraulic Lime Grouts for Conservation of Stone Masonry—Influence of Compositional and Processing Parameters

Baltazar, Luís G.; Henriques, Fernando; Cidade, M. T.

doi:10.3390/fluids4010013

Cited by 19 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…Over the years, useful progress has been made in applied rheology and different rheological models have been suggested [32][33][34][35][36][37][38]. The most popular rheological models that have been proposed to describe suspensions with yield stress are the Bingham, Casson and Herschel-Bulkley [3,[35][36][37]. However, there is no single model that can adequately describe the behavior of all complex suspensions, in addition to the fact that none of these models have a limit on the maximum shear stress.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The grout's injectability appears to be one of the most crucial characteristics in the grouting's performance. In this context, rheology is used as a tool in the design and quality control of the injection grout [2,3]. Cementitious-based grouts are known for having a complex rheology [4,5], because interaction between the binder particles and grout hydration generates a microstructure that leads to a yield stress that is not constant over time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Polypropylene Fibers and Measurement Methods on the Yield Stress of Grouts for the Consolidation of Heritage Masonry Walls

Baltazar

Henriques

Cidade

2020

Fluids

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The injection of grouts is a consolidation technique suitable for overcoming the structural deterioration of old stone masonry walls. Grouting operations involve introducing a suspension (grout) into a masonry core with the aim of improving the load capacity of the wall, as well as reducing its brittle mechanisms. The yield stress of injection grouts will affect the injection pressure and their flow inside the masonry. However, the determination of some rheological properties such as yield stress in hydraulic grout is challenging, due to the combined effects of hydration reactions and interactions between the particles present in the suspension. In this study, the determination of the yield stress of natural hydraulic lime-based grouts with polypropylene fibers was carried out. The changes in yield stress with time, fibers content and hydration were evaluated by two measurement methods using a rotational rheometer. Additionally, the static and dynamic yield stress as well as the critical shear–strain rate were determined, which provided useful information on the grout design in order to achieve successful grouting operations.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Polypropylene Fibers and Measurement Methods on the Yield Stress of Grouts for the Consolidation of Heritage Masonry Walls

Baltazar

Henriques

Cidade

2020

Fluids

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“…It is a demonstration that the collapsed system takes a while to rebuild in the absence of stress. 43 The maximum shear stress from the lowest to the highest investigated temperatures are 43.39, 39.58, 37.69, 35.19, and 34.33 lb/100 ft 2 . It is observed that the shear stress decreased with the increasing temperature.…”

Section: Thixotropic Behavior Of the Lightweight Slurry Atmentioning

confidence: 86%

New Lightweight Cement Formulation for Shallow Oil and Gas Wells

2020

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The use of lightweight pozzolanic aggregates as partial replacement of cement results in low-density cement systems. Such systems ensure effective zonal isolation in zones where low equivalent circulating densities are required. However, low pozzolanic materials, such as fly ash and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS), have poor early-age strength development and long set times, especially when used in high volume, that is, exceeding 50% by weight of cement. The objective of this study is to develop a lightweight oil- and gas-well cement recipe with enhanced properties employing the synergism that exist among fly ash, GGBFS, and silica fume. The experimental work was per laboratory procedure outlined by American Petroleum Institute. Portland class G cement and the aluminosilicate materials were admixed in water to form a 13.5 ppg slurry. Chemical admixtures were used to facilitate the dissolution of reactive components in the pozzolanic materials and the hydration process. The experimental investigations were done at 150 °F and an ambient pressure of 1500 psi. The newly developed lightweight recipe exhibited excellent rheological and mechanical properties, having a wait-on-cement time for about 4 h and a 24 h sonic strength of 3116 psi, at 150 °F and 1500 psi. The thickening time was approximately 4 h (70 Bc). This slurry will be ideal in zones that would require a low hydrostatic slurry column and rapid gel strength development.

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“…An appropriate way to characterise a thixotropic system is to use the hysteresis loop of the flow curve, representing an applied shear stress (upward) followed by a relaxing of the stress (downward) [58]. Figure 7 represents a 1D single hysteresis loop analogous to fig.…”

Section: Constitutive Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the Thixotropic Behaviour of Tremie Concrete Using the Slump-flow Test and the Material Point Method

Wilkes¹,

Kumar²,

Biscontin³

2021

Preprint

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This paper presents a new thixotropic model integrating the Papanastasiou-Bingham model with thixotropy equations to simulate the flow behaviour of Tremie Concrete in the Material Point Method framework. This study investigates the effect of thixotropy on the rheological behaviour of fresh concrete by comparing field measurements with numerical simulations. The comparison yields new insights into a critical and often overlooked behaviour of concrete. A parametric study is performed to understand the effect of model parameters and rest-time on the shear stress response of fresh concrete. The Material Point Method with the Papanastasiou-Bingham model reproduces Slump-flow measurements observed in the field. The novel model revealed a decline in concrete workability during the Slump-flow test after a period of rest due to thixotropy, which the physical version of the test fails to capture. This reduction in workability significantly affects the flow behaviour and the effective use of fresh concrete in construction operation.

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Rheology of Natural Hydraulic Lime Grouts for Conservation of Stone Masonry—Influence of Compositional and Processing Parameters

Cited by 19 publications

References 79 publications

Effects of Polypropylene Fibers and Measurement Methods on the Yield Stress of Grouts for the Consolidation of Heritage Masonry Walls

Effects of Polypropylene Fibers and Measurement Methods on the Yield Stress of Grouts for the Consolidation of Heritage Masonry Walls

New Lightweight Cement Formulation for Shallow Oil and Gas Wells

Investigating the Thixotropic Behaviour of Tremie Concrete Using the Slump-flow Test and the Material Point Method

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