Rheophytic Osmunda lancea (Osmundaceae) exhibits large flexibility in the petiole

Shiba, Masayuki; Fukuda, Tatsuya

doi:10.1038/s41598-024-53406-4

Sci Rep

2024

DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53406-4

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Rheophytic Osmunda lancea (Osmundaceae) exhibits large flexibility in the petiole

Masayuki Shiba,

Tatsuya Fukuda

Abstract: The riparian zone, found alongside rivers and streams, is a unique habitat characterized by its vulnerability to sudden floods following intense rainfall. To cope with these challenging conditions, a specific group of plants with linear and lanceolate lamina have adapted to thrive in these environments. Despite their unique ability to withstand the forceful water flow, the specific adaptive characteristics of the petioles, which support the lamina remain unknown. Our morphological, anatomical, and mechanical a… Show more

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Cited by 2 publications

References 39 publications

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Impact on the scape of Farfugium japonicum var. japonicum (Asteraceae) under strong wind conditions based on morphological and mechanical analyses

Shiba,

Arihara,

Harada

et al. 2024

Front. Plant Sci.

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Adaptation of Farfugium japonicum (L.) Kitam. var. japonicum (Asteraceae) to the strong wind environment of coastal areas has been shown to reduce lamina size and shorten petioles; however, their effects on other traits of this species remain unknown. Our morphological analyses showed that shortening of the scape of this species is correlated with shortening of the petiole in coastal areas. The results suggested that when the height of the scapes became higher than that of the petioles, the wind stress on the scapes became stronger and their growth was suppressed. Therefore, the populations in coastal areas with strong winds had significantly shorter scapes than inland populations, and the height of petioles and scapes in the coastal populations were correlated. Further mechanical analysis by three-point bending tests revealed that the scapes had higher strength than the petioles. This species is evergreen and can produce new leaves regardless of the season, even if it loses its leaves by strong winds; however, because scapes only develop above ground for a limited period of the year, the loss of the scapes by strong winds has a significant impact on reproduction in that year. Therefore, even though the scapes were stronger than the petiole, shortening the scapes plays an important role in reducing strong wind stress in coastal areas.

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Impact on the scape of Farfugium japonicum var. japonicum (Asteraceae) under strong wind conditions based on morphological and mechanical analyses

Shiba,

Arihara,

Harada

et al. 2024

Front. Plant Sci.

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Decrease in wind stress leads to an increase in the above ground morphology and number of seeds of an invasive alien species, Bidens pilosa (Asteraceae)

Shiba,

Kobayashi,

Harada

et al. 2024

Front. Plant Sci.

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We conducted comparative analyses using an open-top chamber (OTC) to reduce wind stress to clarify the impact of decreased wind stress on the invasive species Bidens pilosa L. (Asteraceae), which ranks among the worst 100 species on the Invasive Alien Species List in Japan. Morphological analyses revealed that the number and size of leaves in the OTC group were significantly higher than those in the control group (wind). There was also a significantly higher investment in stems in the former than in the latter. No significant differences were observed in root dry mass; however, the resource allocation ratio to the roots was significantly higher in the wind group than in the OTC group. Although the total seed mass was greater in the OTC group, there were no significant differences in the ratio of resource allocation to seeds between the groups, and no significant differences were observed in the mass of each seed. However, the number of seeds was significantly higher in the OTC group. Adaptive changes in the leaves, stems, and roots to avoid and/or resist wind were reflected in differences in the number of seeds. In addition, a decrease in wind stress contributed to an increase in the number of seeds in B. pilosa. Such mechanisms are likely widespread because B. pilosa is often highly abundant in urban systems.

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Rheophytic Osmunda lancea (Osmundaceae) exhibits large flexibility in the petiole

Cited by 2 publications

References 39 publications

Impact on the scape of Farfugium japonicum var. japonicum (Asteraceae) under strong wind conditions based on morphological and mechanical analyses

Impact on the scape of Farfugium japonicum var. japonicum (Asteraceae) under strong wind conditions based on morphological and mechanical analyses

Decrease in wind stress leads to an increase in the above ground morphology and number of seeds of an invasive alien species, Bidens pilosa (Asteraceae)

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