Rheumatic Heart Disease in Asia

Carapetis, Jonathan R.

doi:10.1161/circulationaha.108.774307

Cited by 99 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Half of the cases of infective endocarditis and substantial proportion of strokes in Asian countries were attributed to underlying rheumatic heart disease. 12 Contrary to the general observation that RHD is declining, the high prevalence rate in this study shows that RHD is still a major public health problem in rural populations. A metaanalysis and few other studies suggest that there is no decline in the prevalence of RHD over the last 20 years.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 92%

“…A metaanalysis and few other studies suggest that there is no decline in the prevalence of RHD over the last 20 years. 4,12 In one study, clinical examination revealed only 0.8 RHD cases/1000 population, whereas echocardiography revealed 20.4 RHD cases/1000 population. 19 The reported differences in the prevalence of RHD might be due to different diagnostic methods adopted in various studies or due to non-uniformity of the populations studied.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…According to calculated estimates, the actual disease burden in the population is 5.5e7.2 times higher than what can be found in the school children of 5e14 year-old age group. 12 Many recent studies suggest a 10-fold rise in the prevalence rates of RHD when echocardiography was used for the diagnosis along with clinical criteria. 13e16 A recent study from rural Pakistan using household survey and rigorous methodology found 5.7 RHD cases per 1000 population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is a need for better clinical and echocardiography-based prevalence studies from regions where RHD is still endemic. 12 Primary prevention strategies though ideal are not entirely feasible for large populations such as rural India, but tertiary prevention measures that include both medical and surgical care may be an alternative cost-effective approach for RHD. 20 Secondary prevention measures, such as early and correct diagnosis of ARF, as well as penicillin prophylaxis are both effective and cost-effective, and such approaches should be strongly considered to prevent and to reduce RHD-associated clinical complications.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rheumatic heart disease in rural south India: A clinico-observational study

Sriharibabu¹,

Himabindu²,

Kabir³

2013

Journal of Cardiovascular Disease Research

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a b s t r a c tBackground: Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is still a public health issue in many countries in the world, and particularly in Southeast Asia. India, for example, contributes 25%e50% of the global burden of RHD. Clinic-based and epidemiological studies on RHD in India have used different methodologies and clinical criteria to estimate RHD burden in India. The present study employs strict clinical criteria, including echocardiography, to estimate RHD prevalence and associated clinical complications in a large unique rural population in southern India covered through a governmental health insurance scheme. Materials and methods: Total 44,164 eligible patients were screened from 238 primary care health centers in rural southern India between October 2007 and March 2012 using strict clinical criteria and objective ascertainment. A total of 403 patients aged 15 years or above were finally analyzed based on both the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Detailed information on both demographic and clinical characteristics was obtained through personal interviews and clinical examinations. Descriptive analyses were performed, including age standardization. Results: The age-standardized RHD prevalence rate was 9.7/1000 populationsdmore common in younger age groups (<44 years) and relatively high among females. Pulmonary hypertension was the most common clinical complication followed by CHF, tricuspid regurgitation, as well as infective endocarditis. More than two-thirds had no past history of RHD or penicillin prophylaxis. Conclusions: RHD rates are still high in rural India among populations covered through governmental health insurance scheme. Both primary and secondary preventive measures, including widespread coverage of penicillin prophylaxis, must be considered mainstay tools to both prevent and reduce RHD burden in endemic populations, including rural India.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rheumatic heart disease in rural south India: A clinico-observational study

Sriharibabu¹,

Himabindu²,

Kabir³

2013

Journal of Cardiovascular Disease Research

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“…1-3 RHD is a worldwide problem and it is more common in Asian developing countries due to poor health facilities. [4][5][6] The usual detection methods of RHD infection are culture test, 7 biochemical test 7,8 impedimetric immunosensor, 9 multiplex PCR and genetic markers, [10][11][12] illumigene kit assay 13 and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). 14 All the above methods are time taking, less sensitive and specific, costly and non-confirmatory based on a single test.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Single-walled carbon nanotubes based chemiresistive genosensor for label-free detection of human rheumatic heart disease

Singh

Kumar

Khare

et al. 2014

Applied Physics Letters

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A specific and ultrasensitive, label free single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) based chemiresistive genosensor was fabricated for the early detection of Streptococcus pyogenes infection in human causing rheumatic heart disease. The mga gene of S. pyogenes specific 24 mer ssDNA probe was covalently immobilized on SWNT through a molecular bilinker, 1-pyrenemethylamine, using carbodiimide coupling reaction. The sensor was characterized by the current-voltage (I-V) characteristic curve and scanning electron microscopy. The sensing performance of the sensor was studied with respect to changes in conductance in SWNT channel based on hybridization of the target S. pyogenes single stranded genomic DNA (ssG-DNA) to its complementary 24 mer ssDNA probe. The sensor shows negligible response to non-complementary Staphylococcus aureus ssG-DNA, confirming the specificity of the sensor only with S. pyogenes. The genosensor exhibited a linear response to S. pyogenes G-DNA from 1 to1000 ng ml−1 with a limit of detection of 0.16 ng ml−1.

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References

2016

The Heart of Africa

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Rheumatic Heart Disease in Asia

Cited by 99 publications

References 25 publications

Rheumatic heart disease in rural south India: A clinico-observational study

Rheumatic heart disease in rural south India: A clinico-observational study

Single-walled carbon nanotubes based chemiresistive genosensor for label-free detection of human rheumatic heart disease

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