Rheumatoid factors in Salmonella and Schistosoma infections

Lehman, J. Stauffer; Higashi, Gene I.; Bassily, S.; Farid, Z.

doi:10.1016/0035-9203(72)90059-4

Cited by 14 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Alternatively, the schistosome IgG antibodies may have been complexed by anti-globulins such as rheumatoid factor or anti-antibodies (Milgrom, Dubiski & Wozniczko 1956). The former is commonly found in schistosomiasis serums (Lehman et al 1972), but the latter has not been reported. While both of these are in the IgM class, the former may not be important since it binds to the Fc portion of IgG, although anti-antibodies have been shown to bind the F(ab')z portion of IgG antibodies (Natvig 1965), thus leaving the Fc portion free to bind with lymphocytes possessing Fcy membrane receptors (Moretta et al 1977).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Suppression of mitogen‐induced lymphocyte transformation by plasma from patients with hepatosplenic Schistosomiasis mansoni: role of immune complexes*

Kamal

Higashi

1982

Parasite Immunology

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Plasma from chronic or advanced hepatosplenic schistosomiasis (mansoni) patients (PCS) suppressed mitogen-induced responses of normal human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. 1 x 10(5) Ficoll-Hypaque isolated lymphocytes were cultured in 100 microliter RPMI 1640 media with 100 microliter plasma preparation and stimulated with phytohemagglutinin P (PHA), concanavalin A (Con A), pokeweed mitogen (PWM) and Staphylococcus aureus phage lysate (SPL). Compared to normal human plasma, dose-response experiments with 10-50% PCS uniformly inhibited the 72-h PHA, Con A and PWM responses with maximal suppression at 50% plasma concentration. At this concentration, the range of suppression was 42-60%. The inhibitory activity was unaffected by 56 degrees C, 30 min pretreatment of PCS. However, pre-culture of cells with PHA for 24 h prior to addition of 50% PCS abrogated the suppressor activity. Furthermore, 6-day cultures with PWM and SPL were not suppressed by 50% PCS. Plasma suppressor activity was nearly eliminated by pre-treatment of PCS with 4% (w/v) polyethylene glycol (PEG) in all cases. In the putative immune complexes in the PEG precipitates, Clq, C3, C4, IgG, IgM and IgA were identified in nearly all PCS samples. Schistosomal antigen was found in only two of 23 PCS samples tested and significant anti-schistosomal IgG antibodies were found in all PEG precipitates. The data suggest immune complexes (non-specific and specific) act to suppress 72-h mitogenic responses.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Suppression of mitogen‐induced lymphocyte transformation by plasma from patients with hepatosplenic Schistosomiasis mansoni: role of immune complexes*

Kamal

Higashi

1982

Parasite Immunology

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“…Like many other kinds of parasitic infection, the immune response to heterologous antigens is greatly suppressed in mice infected with Schistosoma parasites (1,3,18,19). Furthermore, the occurrence of several kinds of autoantibodies has been described in mice during the course of infection (8,13,14,17).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Thymocytotoxic autoantibodies found in mice infected with Schistosoma japonicum

Kawabata¹,

Hosaka²,

Kumada³

et al. 1981

Infect Immun

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Thymocytotoxic autoantibodies were demonstrated in sera of C3H/HeJms, C57BL/6J, and ddY mice infected with 50 cercariae of Schistosoma japonicum, using C57BL/6J thymocytes as target cells in the trypan blue dye exclusion test. Kinetic study revealed that thymocytotoxic activity began to increase at week 6 of infection, reached a maximum at 8 weeks, and thereafter decreased gradually. Thymocytotoxic antibodies had an optimal reactivity at 4°C and were sensitive to 2-mercaptoethanol treatment, suggesting that they were immunoglobulin M in nature. The cytotoxicity was completely abolished by absorption with C57BL/6J thymocytes but not with S. japonicum parasites or eggs. The antigen reacting with thymocytotoxic antibodies was found in the thymus, brain, spleen, and, to a lesser extent, kidney and liver. In parallel with the appearance of thymocytotoxic antibodies, the increase of background plaque-forming cells to trinitrophenyl, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, and sheep erythrocytes in the spleen of S. japonicuminfected mice suggested that the induction of thymocytotoxic antibodies may be the consequence of polyclonal B-lymphocyte stimulation by the infection.

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Pathogenicity of Salmonella During Schistosoma-Salmonella Co-infections and the Importance of the Gut Microbiota

Barrow

Touray

et al. 2021

Curr Microbiol

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Graphical Abstract Antibiotic inefficacy in treating bacterial infections is largely studied in the context of developing resistance mechanisms. However, little attention has been paid to combined diseases mechanisms, interspecies pathogenesis and the resulting impact on antimicrobial treatment. This review will consider the co-infections of Salmonella and Schistosoma mansoni . It summarises the protective mechanisms that the pathophysiology of the two infections confer, which leads to an antibiotic protection phenomenon. This review will elucidate the functional characteristics of the gut microbiota in the context of these co-infections, the pathogenicity of these infections in infected mice, and the efficacy of the antibiotics used in treatment of these co-infections over time. Salmonella - Schistosoma interactions and the mechanism for antibiotic protection are not well established. However, antimicrobial drug inefficacy is an existing phenomenon in these co-infections. The treatment of schistosomiasis to ensure the efficacy of antibiotic therapy for bacterial infections should be considered in co-infected patients. Co-infections of Salmonella and Schistosoma mansoni confers the protective mechanisms that give ineffetive treatment of salmonella. The functional characteristics of the gut microbiota in the context of these co-infections influence the pathogenicity of the both pathogens thereby drecreasing immunity and brings changes in gut metabolism.

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Rheumatoid factors in Salmonella and Schistosoma infections

Cited by 14 publications

References 8 publications

Suppression of mitogen‐induced lymphocyte transformation by plasma from patients with hepatosplenic Schistosomiasis mansoni: role of immune complexes*

Suppression of mitogen‐induced lymphocyte transformation by plasma from patients with hepatosplenic Schistosomiasis mansoni: role of immune complexes*

Thymocytotoxic autoantibodies found in mice infected with Schistosoma japonicum

Pathogenicity of Salmonella During Schistosoma-Salmonella Co-infections and the Importance of the Gut Microbiota

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