Rhizospheric degradation of phenanthrene is a function of proximity to roots

Behavior of decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) in soil: Effects of rhizosphere and mycorrhizal colonization of ryegrass roots

“…The rhizosphere comprises the zone of soil immediately surrounding plant roots and it has physical, chemical, and biological properties that are distinct from those of non-rhizosphere bulk soil (Phillips et al, 2003). Enhanced degradation in the rhizosphere is termed rhizodegradation (Stefan and Ulrich, 2001) and has been demonstrated for a range of organic pollutants including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) (Corgié et al, 2003), pentachlorophenol (He et al, 2005) and polychlorinated biphenyls (Ding et al, 2009). Previous studies have shown that plants can significantly enhance the degradation of PBDEs including BDE-209 in soils (Huang et al, 2010;Mueller et al, 2006).…”

“…Therefore, rhizodegradation might show a distance-dependent pattern of behavior. However, few studies have considered the distancedependent aspects of rhizodegradation (He et al, 2005;Joner and Leyval, 2003;Corgié et al, 2003).…”

Rhizoremediation – Plant Microbe Interactions in the Removal of Pollutants

“…Its cost effectiveness, convenience with little or no side effects have made it a growing technology. It is a clean and green phenomenon (Corgie et al, 2003). Although, it can be time consuming, yet its end results are phenomenal as the pollutant is completely destroyed or it is converted to harmless form.…”

“…Rhizospheric degradation of phenanthrene is a function of proximity to roots Corgie et al, (2003) found that phenanthrene degradation is enhanced in rhizospheric zones compared to the bulk soil. They investigated the influence of the proximity to ryegrass roots on microbial population and their biodegradation of phenanthrene using compartment pots.…”

Root Exudation: The Ecological Driver of Hydrocarbon Rhizoremediation

“…Even if plants can also produce several enzymes to degrade organic compounds (such as peroxidases and phenol oxidases), they are generally considered as a minor contributor to the dissipation of organic contaminants in soil [67]. Phytoremediation of hydrocarbons depends primarily on rhizoremediation (Figure 1) which involves the breakdown of contaminants in soil as a result of microbial activity at the roots [66,68,69]. Microorganisms can colonize three distinct areas of the root zone of a plant [46,63]: (1) the endosphere, i.e., all the cells inside the roots [70]; (2) the rhizoplane which is the root surface [63,71], usually as biofilm (i.e., multiple layers of mature microcolonies covered by mucus [63]); and (3) the rhizosphere, i.e., the soil immediately adjacent to roots (a few millimeters thick) and influenced by plant roots [72,73].…”