RhoD localization and function is dependent on its GTP/GDP-bound state and unique N-terminal motif

Blom, Magdalena; Reis, Katarina; Aspenström, Pontus

doi:10.1016/j.ejcb.2018.05.003

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…RhoD and RhoF also have N-terminal extensions, as 14 amino-acid residues in RhoD and 16 amino-acid residues in RhoF. The role of this extension in RhoF is not known, but in RhoD it appears to have a regulatory role, as deletion of the N-terminal extension resulted in relocalization of RhoD from EEA1-positive vesicles to CD63-positive vesicles [47].…”

Section: Some Basic Facts About Rho Gtpasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activated Rho GTPases in Cancer—The Beginning of a New Paradigm

Aspenström

2018

IJMS

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Involvement of Rho GTPases in cancer has been a matter of debate since the identification of the first members of this branch of the Ras superfamily of small GTPases. The Rho GTPases were ascribed important roles in the cell, although these were restricted to regulation of cytoskeletal dynamics, cell morphogenesis, and cell locomotion, with initially no clear indications of direct involvement in cancer progression. This paradigm has been challenged by numerous observations that Rho-regulated pathways are often dysregulated in cancers. More recently, identification of point mutants in the Rho GTPases Rac1, RhoA, and Cdc42 in human tumors has finally given rise to a new paradigm, and we can now state with confidence that Rho GTPases serve as oncogenes in several human cancers. This article provides an exposé of current knowledge of the roles of activated Rho GTPases in cancers.

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Section: Some Basic Facts About Rho Gtpasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activated Rho GTPases in Cancer—The Beginning of a New Paradigm

Aspenström

2018

IJMS

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“…This study went on to show that this transport defect, along with observed reorganization of Golgi membranes, was likely through links to its binding partner, the actin nucleator WHAMM [ 65 ]. More recently however, the same authors have published another study of RhoD, in which they focus on the pool of RhoD localizing to early endosomes and motile vesicles [ 66 ]. In this latter study they propose a role for RhoD in vesicle fusion, with no mention, or indeed little evidence for RhoD at the Golgi, suggesting that there remains much to be discovered about this Rho family member.…”

Section: Regulation Of Golgi-associated Membrane Trafficking Events By Rho Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging roles for Rho GTPases operating at the Golgi complex

Mysior

Simpson

2020

Small GTPases

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Rho GTPases are known to play an essential role in fundamental processes such as defining cell shape, polarity and migration. As such, the majority of Rho GTPases localize and function at, or close to, the plasma membrane. However, it is becoming increasingly clear that a number of Rho family proteins are also associated with the Golgi complex, where they not only regulate events at this organelle but also more widely across the cell. Given the central location of this organelle, and the numerous membrane trafficking pathways that connect it to both the endocytic and secretory systems of cells, it is clear that the Golgi is fundamental for maintaining cellular homoeostasis. In this review, we describe these GTPases in the context of how they regulate Golgi architecture, membrane trafficking into and away from this organelle, and cell polarity and migration. We summarize the key findings that show the growing importance of the pool of Rho GTPases associated with Golgi function, namely Cdc42, RhoA, RhoD, RhoBTB1 and RhoBTB3, and we discuss how they act in concert with other key families of molecules associated with the Golgi, including Rab GTPases and matrix proteins.

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