Rhythms during the polar night: evidence of clock-gene oscillations in the Arctic scallop<i>Chlamys islandica</i>

Perrigault, Mickael; Andrade, Hector; Bellec, Laure; Ballantine, Carl; Camus, Lionel; Tran, Damien

doi:10.1098/rspb.2020.1001

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Mat et al [22] suggested that this weak endogenous oscillator would certainly confer plasticity on this species, partly explaining its adaptability to various environments. Indications of such a mechanism also have been found in C. islandica, which maintains its gaping behavior during the polar night [32,62].…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 62%

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The nocturnal life of the great scallops (Pecten maximus, L.): First description of their natural daily valve opening cycle

Retailleau¹,

Chauvaud²,

Richard³

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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Valvometry techniques used to monitor bivalve gaping activity have elucidated numerous relationships with environmental fluctuations, along with biological rhythms ranging from sub-daily to seasonal. Thus, a precise understanding of the natural activity of bivalves (i.e., not exposed to stressful environmental variations) is necessary as a baseline for detecting abnormal behaviors (deviations). This knowledge is also needed to reliably interpret observations of bivalve gaping behavior and associated biological processes (e.g., respiration, nutrition) acquired over time-limited periods. With this in mind, we investigated the natural daily gaping activity of the great scallop (Pecten maximus) by continuously monitoring 35 individuals in several individual tanks and in situ (Bay of Saint-Brieuc, Brittany, France) using fully autonomous Hall effect sensors. Our results revealed a circadian cycle (τ = 24.0h) in scallop gaping activity. Despite significant inter-individual variability in mean opening and cycle amplitude, almost all individuals (87.5%) exhibited nocturnal activity, with valves more open at night than during the day. A shift in light regime in the tanks triggered an instantaneous change in opening pattern, indicating that light levels strongly determine scallop activity. Based on the opening status of scallops, we also identified several gaping behaviors deviating from the regular daily pattern (lack of rhythmicity, high daytime opening), potentially reflecting physiological weakness. While further long-term studies are required to fully understand the natural activity of scallops, these findings pave the way for studies focused on the scallop response to external factors and introduce further research into the detection of abnormal behaviors. Coupling observations of diel valve gaping cycles with other daily variations in organismal and environmental parameters could help explain mechanisms driving the growth patterns of scallops observed in their shell striations. From a technical perspective, our field-based monitoring demonstrates the suitability of autonomous valvometry sensors for studying mobile subtidal bivalve activity in remote offshore environments.

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Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 62%

“…Indications of such a mechanism also have been found in C . islandica , which maintains its gaping behavior during the polar night [ 32 , 62 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The nocturnal life of the great scallops (Pecten maximus, L.): First description of their natural daily valve opening cycle

Retailleau¹,

Chauvaud²,

Richard³

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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“…Notably, the putative core circadian clock genes period, timeless, and cry1 (a dCry/L-Cry ortholog) exhibited approximate tidal rhythms in field samples (Mat et al 2020), suggesting the plasticity of the ∼24-h oscillator. Similarly, putative core circadian clock genes showed daily and/or tidal oscillations in the Iceland scallop (Chlamys islandica) during equinox and polar night (Perrigault et al 2020).…”

Section: Rhythms In the Deep Seamentioning

confidence: 97%

Rhythms and Clocks in Marine Organisms

Häfker

Andreatta

Manzotti

et al. 2023

Annu. Rev. Mar. Sci.

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The regular movements of waves and tides are obvious representations of the oceans’ rhythmicity. But the rhythms of marine life span across ecological niches and timescales, including short (in the range of hours) and long (in the range of days and months) periods. These rhythms regulate the physiology and behavior of individuals, as well as their interactions with each other and with the environment. This review highlights examples of rhythmicity in marine animals and algae that represent important groups of marine life across different habitats. The examples cover ecologically highly relevant species and a growing number of laboratory model systems that are used to disentangle key mechanistic principles. The review introduces fundamental concepts of chronobiology, such as the distinction between rhythmic and endogenous oscillator–driven processes. It also addresses the relevance of studying diverse rhythms and oscillators, as well as their interconnection, for making better predictions of how species will respond to environmental perturbations, including climate change. As the review aims to address scientists from the diverse fields of marine biology, ecology, and molecular chronobiology, all of which have their own scientific terms, we provide definitions of key terms throughout the article. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Marine Science, Volume 15 is January 2023. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

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“…The outputs of this conserved structure are circadian (Dunlap, 1999). Homologous clock genes (clock and bmal as activators and cryptochrome 1 and 2, period and timeless as repressors) have been described for bivalves, such as the oyster Magallana gigas (Perrigault and Tran, 2017), the mussels M. edulis (Chapman et al, 2020) and M. californianus (Connor and Gracey, 2011), the scallops Argopecten irradians (Pairett and Serb, 2013) and Chlamys islandica (Perrigault et al, 2020) and even in the deep-sea [i.e., Bathymodiolus azoricus (Mat et al, 2020)]. The main periods associated with biological clocks in bivalves are daily and tidal, but others with lower (several days to a year) or higher frequencies (hours to minutes) have also been reported (Figure 6B).…”

Section: Biological Clocks In Bivalvesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Step in Time: Biomineralisation of Bivalve’s Shell

Louis

2022

Front. Mar. Sci.

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Biomineralisation process which is the induction of the precipitation of a mineral by an organism, generates hard tissues such as bones, teeth, otoliths and shells. Biomineralisation rate is not constant over time. This is likely due to variations of environmental and/or physiological conditions, leading to the formation of growth increments or rings. For bivalves, increments are considered as the unit of time recorded in shells. Therefore, shells are used as biological archives of (paleo)environmental and (paleo)climatic conditions. However, the environmental drivers leading to the periodic formation of increments are still poorly understood. Tackling the question of the integration of the environment by the organism is challenging: is there a direct effect of the environmental variability on bivalve shell biomineralisation? Or is biomineralisation controlled by a biological clock? In this review, the different temporal units observed in bivalve shells and the possible regulatory processes are explored and some research trajectories are suggested.

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Rhythms during the polar night: evidence of clock-gene oscillations in the Arctic scallopChlamys islandica

Cited by 7 publications

References 59 publications

The nocturnal life of the great scallops (Pecten maximus, L.): First description of their natural daily valve opening cycle

The nocturnal life of the great scallops (Pecten maximus, L.): First description of their natural daily valve opening cycle

Rhythms and Clocks in Marine Organisms

Step in Time: Biomineralisation of Bivalve’s Shell

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