Ribosomal RNA in Alzheimer's disease and ageing

Payão, Spencer Luíz Marques; Smith, Marı́lia de Arruda Cardoso; Winter, Lucile Maria Floeter; Bertolucci, Paulo Henrique Ferreira

doi:10.1016/s0047-6374(98)00095-5

Cited by 40 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In addition, the 28S:18S ratios were uniformly comparable to the values obtained for RNA isolated from primary neuronal cultures or cell lines. Typically, with cDNA prepared from 10 ng total RNA, the 18S C t values ranged from 8 to 10, and the calculated 28S/18S ng ratios ranged from 2.0 to 2.2 as previously reported for brain tissue using Northern blot or slot blot analysis [35,36]. The use of real-time quantitative RT-PCR was ideally suited for rigorous analysis of gene expression in brain tissue because the amplicons were small (mainly < 150 bp), thereby circumventing any potential problems related to partial RNA degradation, e.g.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 79%

Chronic gestational exposure to ethanol causes insulin and IGF resistance and impairs acetylcholine homeostasis in the brain

Soscia

Tong

et al. 2006

Cell. Mol. Life Sci.

131

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In fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS), cerebellar hypoplasia is associated with impaired insulin-stimulated survival signaling. This study characterizes ethanol dose-effects on cerebellar development, expression of genes required for insulin and insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling, and the upstream mechanisms and downstream consequences of impaired signaling in relation to acetylcholine (ACh) homeostasis. Pregnant Long Evans rats were fed isocaloric liquid diets containing 0%, 2%, 4.5%, 6.5%, or 9.25% ethanol from gestation day 6. Ethanol caused dose-dependent increases in severity of cerebellar hypoplasia, neuronal loss, proliferation of astrocytes and microglia, and DNA damage. Ethanol also reduced insulin, IGF-I, and IGF-II receptor binding, insulin and IGF-I receptor tyrosine kinase activities, ATP, membrane cholesterol, and choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) expression. In vitro studies linked membrane cholesterol depletion to impaired insulin receptor binding and insulin-stimulated ChAT. In conclusion, cerebellar hypoplasia in FAS is mediated by insulin/IGF resistance with attendant impairments in energy production and ACh homeostasis.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 79%

Chronic gestational exposure to ethanol causes insulin and IGF resistance and impairs acetylcholine homeostasis in the brain

Soscia

Tong

et al. 2006

Cell. Mol. Life Sci.

131

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“…In addition, the 28S:18S ratios were uniformly comparable to the values obtained for RNA isolated from primary neuronal cultures or cell lines. Typically, with cDNA prepared from 10 ng of total RNA, the 18S Ct values ranged from 8 to 10, and the calculated 28S:18S ng ratios ranged from 2.0 to 2.2 as previously reported for brain tissue using Northern blot or slot blot analysis [53,54]. The use of real-time quantitative RT-PCR was ideally suited for rigorous analysis of gene expression in brain tissue because the amplicons were small (mainly <150 bp), thereby circumventing any potential problems related to partial RNA degradation, e.g.…”

Section: General Comments Regarding Quantitative Rt-pcr Studiesmentioning

confidence: 85%

Ethanol inhibits insulin expression and actions in the developing brain

Monte

Wands

2005

CMLS, Cell. Mol. Life Sci.

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Ethanol-induced cerebellar hypoplasia is associated with inhibition of insulin-stimulated survival signaling. The present work explores the mechanisms of impaired insulin signaling in a rat model of fetal alcohol syndrome. Real-time quantitative RT-PCR demonstrated reduced expression of the insulin gene in cerebella of ethanol-exposed pups. Although receptor expression was unaffected, insulin and insulin-like growth factor (IGF-I) receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) activities were reduced by ethanol exposure, and these abnormalities were associated with increased PTP1b activity. In addition, glucose transporter molecule expression and steady-state levels of ATP were reduced in ethanol-exposed cerebellar tissue. Cultured cerebellar granule neurons from ethanol-exposed pups had reduced expression of genes encoding insulin, IGF-II, and the IGF-I and IGF-II receptors, and impaired insulin- and IGF-I-stimulated glucose uptake and ATP production. The results demonstrate that ethanol inhibits insulin-mediated actions in the developing brain by reducing local insulin production and insulin RTK activation, leading to inhibition of glucose transport and ATP production.

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“…Although there are few reports comparing AgNOR staining counts in human chromosomes with slot dot techniques they show a good agreement between the cytological approach and the molecular investigation [3][4][5].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Alterations in rRNA biogenesis have also been associated with many diseases [1,2]. A reduced ribosomal genes transcriptional activity and a preferential degradation of the major 28S subunit in relation to 18S have been verified in leukocytes from patients with Alzheimer disease (AD) [3][4][5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ribosomal Genes Activity in Aged Down Syndrome Subjects

Goncalves¹,

Ávalos²,

Chen³

et al. 2011

TOGERIMJ

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Abstract:Objective: We aimed to investigate whether rRNA 28S/18S levels decrease with aging in Down Syndrome (DS) individuals and whether these decreased levels are tissue-specific. Methods:We investigated mature rRNA 28S/18S levels by Northern Blotting in blood cells from 21 younger and 21 older DS individuals in comparison to 42 age-sex-matched controls. We also investigated these levels in oral mucosa and in blood cells from the same DS individuals.Results: All DS subjects showed no clinical signs of dementia at the time of the study. We did not detect differences in rRNA 28S/18S levels among DS and control groups concerning either aging process or cell types.Conclusions: Aging process in DS individuals was not characterized by reduced rDNA transcriptional activity and did not indicate a preclinical marker of AD in older DS subjects.

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Ribosomal RNA in Alzheimer's disease and ageing

Cited by 40 publications

References 23 publications

Chronic gestational exposure to ethanol causes insulin and IGF resistance and impairs acetylcholine homeostasis in the brain

Chronic gestational exposure to ethanol causes insulin and IGF resistance and impairs acetylcholine homeostasis in the brain

Ethanol inhibits insulin expression and actions in the developing brain

Ribosomal Genes Activity in Aged Down Syndrome Subjects

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