Rice Husk Ash Derived Zeolite Blended with Water Hyacinth Ash for Enhanced Adsorption of Cadmium Ions

Abstract

In order to help curtail or imposesustained control to the offensive water hyacinth plant, it is essential to explore ways of generating water remediation materials from it. In the current study, the capacity and efficacy of water hyacinth ash (WHA), its insoluble residue (WHAR) and rice husk ash (RHA) to remove cadmium ions and methylene blue from contaminated water was investigated. Mixtures of the two ashes were used to formulate zeolitic materials by hydrothermal reactions. Material A, ZMA was prepared by using rice husk ash and the soluble portion of WHA while for material B, ZMB a mixture of equal amounts the two ashes including the insoluble fraction of WHA were used. Batch experiments was carried out to determine the effect of metal ion concentration, initial PH, contact time (t), temperature (T), shaking speed and adsorbent dose on percentage removal of Cd on RHA, ZMA, and ZMB was found to best fit in the Langmuir isotherm model while WHA and WHAR data best fitted in the Freundlich model. Adsorption capacities for cadmium on RHA, WHA, WHAR, ZMA and ZMB adsorbents ions were 3.745, 52.00, 56.89, 11.24 and 22.22 mg/g respectively. The findings showed that incorporating the WHAR during synthesis of the zeolitic material enhanced its adsorption capacity and efficiency for Cd (II) ions and methylene blue.

Corn cobs Efficiency in Adsorption of Cadmium Ions (Cd+2) from its Aquatic Solutions

“…The current study recorded the highest removal percentage (95.01)% in pH 6. The present study agreed with Ghorbani et al (2012) and Mbugua et al (2014). They recorded the highest adsorption of the cadmium ions at pH values (6-9), and explained that increasing in pH values led to increase polarization and charged sites of adsorptive material increasing the competition of adsorptive surface and adsorptive material and solvent on (H + ) (OH -) ions.…”

“…Adsorption increase when temperature rise but at limited level (Nasim et al, 2004). The current study recorded the highest removal percentage of cadmium at 25°C, which is consistent with Al-Haidary et al (2011) and Mbugua et al (2014); but it reach saturation at 25°C. They explained that the high temperature of the solution increase the kinetic energy of the ions that are absorbed on the surface, leading to their separation from the surface and its return to the solution (Israa, 2010).…”

“…There are several ways to remove heavy elements from its water solutions such as precipitation, fermentation, ion exchange, filtration and adsorption (Muthusamy et al, 2012;Mbugua et al, 2014). The adsorption method was used due to its simplicity, more efficient and relatively less expensive than other methods (Nasim et al, 2004;Sheba & Nandini, 2016), which is known as the transition of ions between two different concentration surfaces.…”

Remediation of Fluoride Laden Water by Complexation with Triethylamine Modified Maize Tassels

“…The high uptake rate at the beginning may be attributed to high availability of binding sites at the initial stage (Murugan and Subremanian, 2006;Bhaumik et al, 2011). As the interaction process progresses the sites for the reaction becomes exhausted resulting to lower uptake rate of the fluoride (Waheed et al, 2009;Mbugua et al, 2014). After the sites have been saturated, an equilibrium is established, hence the observed phenomenon (Murugan and Subremanian, 2006;Bhaumik et al, 2011).The optimum time for equilibration was 20 min and was used in the subsequent studies.…”