“…Chemical activation requires lower energy and operating cost while producing higher carbon yields, high surface areas, and a well-developed porous structure. On the other hand, the surface chemistry on the carbon precursor can be modified with various activating agents such as NaOH [10,11], KOH [12], H3PO4 [13][14][15], and HNO3 [16,17] to enhance surface oxygen complexes [18] which normally aid in the adsorption process.…”