Rice protein regulates HDL metabolism-related gene expression and enzyme activity in adult rats

Liang

et al. 2019

IJMS

Self Cite

To elucidate the effect of rice protein (RP) on the depression of inflammation, growing and adult rats were fed with caseins and RP for 2 weeks. Compared with casein, RP reduced hepatic accumulations of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitro oxide (NO), and plasma activities of alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) in growing and adult rats. Intake of RP led to increased mRNA levels, and protein expressions of phosphoinositide 3 kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (Akt), nuclear factor-κB 1 (NF-αB1), reticuloendotheliosis viral oncogene homolog A (RelA), tumor necrotic factor α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) were decreased, whereas hepatic expressions of interleukin-10 (IL-10) and heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) were increased by RP. The activation of NF-κB was suppressed by RP through upregulation of inhibitory κB α (IκBα), resulting in decreased translocation of nuclear factor-κB 1 (p50) and RelA (p65) to the nucleus in RP groups. The present study demonstrates that RP exerts an anti-inflammatory effect to inhibit ROS-derived inflammation through suppression of the NF-κB pathway in growing and adult rats. Results suggest that the anti-inflammatory capacity of RP is independent of age.

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rice Protein Exerts Anti-Inflammatory Effect in Growing and Adult Rats via Suppressing NF-κB Pathway

Liang

et al. 2019

IJMS

Self Cite

“…Rice protein is a major plant protein and widely consumed in the world [ 8 ]. It has been demonstrated that rice protein has numerous physiological functions, e.g., hypocholesterolemia [ 9 , 10 , 11 ]. Particularly, recent studies indicate that rice protein can regulate glutathione metabolism via the activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2 (NF-E2)-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a component of endogenous antioxidant defense, thereby resulting in an antioxidative response to attenuate ROS-induced oxidative damage [ 12 , 13 , 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methionine Augments Antioxidant Activity of Rice Protein during Gastrointestinal Digestion

Liang

Cai

et al. 2019

IJMS

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To elucidate the influence of methionine, which is an essential sulfur-containing amino acid, on the antioxidant activity of rice protein (RP), methionine was added to RP (RM). The addition of methionine to RM0.5, RM1.0, RM1.5, RM2.0, and RM2.5 was 0.5-, 1.0-, 1.5-, 2.0-, and 2.5-fold of methionine of RP, respectively. Using the in vitro digestive system, the antioxidant capacities of scavenging free radicals (superoxide; nitric oxide; 2,2′-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt, ABTS), chelating metal (iron), and reducing power were investigated in the hydrolysates of RP and RMs. Upon pepsin-pancreatin digestion, the weakest antioxidant capacity was produced by RP. With the addition of methionine, RMs exhibited more excellent responses to free radical scavenging activities and reducing power than RP, whereas RMs did not produce the marked enhancements in iron chelating activity as compared to RP. The present study demonstrated that RMs differently exerted the free radical scavenging activities that emerged in the protein hydrolysates, in which the strongest scavenging capacities for ABTS, superoxide, and nitric oxide were RM1.5, RM2.0, and RM2.5, respectively. Results suggested that the availability of methionine is a critical factor to augment antioxidant ability of RP in the in vitro gastrointestinal tract.

“…Rice and rice protein (RP) have numerous functions (Jayaraman, Uluvar, Khanum, & Singh, 2019; Li et al, 2014; Liang, Li, Wang, Cai, & Yang, 2019; Saisavoey, Sangtanoo, Reamtong, & Karnchanatat, 2016; Yang, Chen, et al, 2012, Yang, Chen, Xu, Nie, & Yang, 2013). It has been demonstrated that RP can induce an antioxidant activity to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) (Cai et al, 2014; Gunathilake, Ranaweera, & Rupasinghe, 2018; Wang, Li, Liang, & Yang, 2016; Yang, Chen, Xu, Zhou, & Yang, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rice protein stimulates endogenous antioxidant response attributed to methionine availability in growing rats

Cai

et al. 2020

J Food Biochem

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Methionine sulfoxide reductase (Msr) and glutathione (GSH) are two endogenous antioxidant systems for depressing oxidative stress. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of methionine in involving the stimulation of endogenous antioxidant capacity of rice protein (RP). Seven‐week‐old male Wistar rats (body weight 180–200 g) were fed with commercial pellets (as control), methionine, and RP for 2 weeks. Compared with control, GSH synthesis and expressions of MsrA, MsrB2, and MsrB3 were stimulated by methionine and RP. After 2 weeks of feeding, Nrf2 was activated by RP and methionine, whereas the expressions of Keap1 and Cul3 were depressed. The ARE‐driven antioxidant expressions (GCLC, GCLM, GS, HO‐1, NQO1, CAT, SOD, GR, GST, GPx) were upregulated by methionine and RP. Results suggest that the endogenous antioxidant response induced by RP is primarily attributed to the methionine availability, in which the stimulation of Msr and GSH antioxidant system via Nrf2‐ARE pathway. Practical applications Rice protein is a major plant protein, which is rich in sulfur‐containing amino acids and widely consumed in the world. This paper emphasizes that the amino acid plays a key role in inducing the antioxidant activity of rice protein. The present study provides an insight that the methionine availability of rice protein will be a useful target for health promoting by activating endogenous antioxidant response against ROS‐induced oxidative damage.