Rice, sapphires and cattle: Work lives of women artisanal and small-scale miners in Madagascar

Lawson, Lynda

doi:10.22459/bpp.03.2018.08

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Large operations, such as the US$8 billion Ambatovy nickel and cobalt mine in the moist evergreen forests of the central east and the US$1 billion QMM titanium oxide mine in the littoral forests of the extreme southeast, together make a very significant contribution to Madagascar's tax base. Artisanal mining, though unquantified and poorly taxed, provides much needed income in rural areas, especially during times of drought (Lawson 2018), and employs around 500,000 people (Fritz et al 2017). Given Madagascar's urgent need for development, it is clear the country will exploit this mineral wealth (Canavesio 2014).…”

Section: The Mining Boom Poses Difficult Questions For Conservationists In Madagascarmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Les grandes exploitations, telles que la mine de nickel et de cobalt d'Ambatovy (8 milliards de dollars US) dans les forêts humides à feuilles persistantes du centre-est et la mine d'oxyde de titane QMM (1 milliard de dollars US) dans les forêts littorales de l'extrême sud-est, apportent ensemble une contribution très importante à l'assiette fiscale de Madagascar. L'exploitation minière artisanale, bien que non quantifiée et mal taxée, fournit des revenus très nécessaires dans les zones rurales, surtout en période de sécheresse (Lawson 2018), et emploie environ 500 000 personnes (Fritz et al 2017). Étant donné le besoin urgent de développement de Madagascar, il est clair que le pays exploitera cette richesse minérale (Canavesio 2014).…”

Section: Le Boom Minier Pose Des Questions Difficiles Aux Ecologistes De Madagascarunclassified

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Forest Conservation in Madagascar: Past, Present, Future

Jones¹,

Rakotonarivo²,

Razafimanahaka³

2021

Preprint

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To be published in the upcoming book The New Natural History of Madagascar, edited by S. M. Goodman, published by Princeton University Press.At this critical time for the future of Madagascar’s biodiversity, we first review the past: touching upon conservation from pre- to post-colonial periods before focusing on the period which most dramatically shaped the country’s current conservation-related institutions and policies (1984-2009). Next the present: we examine evidence for the effectiveness (or otherwise) of the main approaches to forest conservation on the island. We look in detail at how conservation has conceptualized the link between environment and development in Madagascar, the impact of measures by conservationists to transform rural livelihoods, and the effectiveness of protected areas, community-based natural resources management, and the environmental impact assessment legislation. Finally, we look to the future and consider how pressures on Madagascar’s biodiversity, and the conservation community’s responses, are evolving and need to evolve. This is, of course, hugely ambitious. We are attempting to cover a significant chunk of history for a diverse mini-continent. We bring in literature from anthropology, political ecology, economics, and conservation science. We can only hope to do this incompletely.

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Section: The Mining Boom Poses Difficult Questions For Conservationists In Madagascarmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Le Boom Minier Pose Des Questions Difficiles Aux Ecologistes De Madagascarunclassified

Forest Conservation in Madagascar: Past, Present, Future

Jones¹,

Rakotonarivo²,

Razafimanahaka³

2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These benefits may, however, not always be equally felt, and important differences exist depending on socio‐demographic factors, including gender. Lawson (2018) found that despite women making up an estimated half of the ASM workforce, scholars do not often focus on their roles. Women miners are generally in highly precarious situations, with higher barriers to entry and their roles undervalued.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

A double‐edged sword: Realities of artisanal and small‐scale mining for rural people in the Alaotra region of Madagascar

Stoudmann

Reibelt

Rakotomalala

et al. 2021

Natural Resources Forum

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A growing number of people are entering the artisanal and small‐scale mining (ASM) sector worldwide. In Madagascar, millions of individuals depend on this informal activity. Through a case study in the Alaotra‐Mangoro region of Madagascar, our research aimed to understand the “bottom‐up” dynamics and ripple effects of the sector, by looking at the realities for rural communities where inhabitants are both directly and indirectly affected by ASM. We were interested in community members' and miners' perceptions of the socio‐economic and environmental impacts of ASM, and in identifying the factors attracting people living in one of the country's agricultural hubs to this activity. Our results show a wide diversity of push and pull factors leading people to enter the sector. Although many positive impacts of ASM exist for miners and communities within the vicinity of mines, most miner participants considered themselves worse off since starting to mine, highlighting the high risk and low probability of return of ASM. ASM's potential for local and national development will remain squandered if its negative impacts continue to go unmanaged. Accounting for local contexts and the ripple effects of ASM will be crucial in achieving safety and security for miners, and to tap into the benefits it may offer communities while minimising environmental damage.

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“…5. The language of "hot money" and "quick spending" has been extensively used in numerous countries to refer to spending trends in mining villages but always carries with it the risk of obscuring large nuances of variation, including gendered experiences in spending, saving, and thinking about economics (see Lawson 2017). In Tewang Pajangan, women photographers shared reflection on activities and buildings that were enabled partly because of mining income, with discussions paying testament to the perception that "seeing" mining requires seeing life and collective space that it supports.…”

Section: Notesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual Storytelling and Socioenvironmental Change: Images, Photographic Encounters, and Knowledge Construction in Resource Frontiers

Spiegel

2019

Annals of the American Association of Geographers

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Practices of visually representing places of resource extraction and land degradation can be deeply contentious, embedded in a wide variety of values, ethics, goals, and relations. Photographs are pervasively used to generate narratives about environmental change, particular social groups, and places. Yet, the sociocultural processes and power relations at play in producing "visual knowledge" and interpreting images often remain underexplored, with limited attention to how photographs and visual storytelling are engaged to (re)orient discussions about change. Challenging ways of seeing, this article discusses relational practices around photography and the narrating, experiencing, and circulating of images. It explores experiences with photovoice-a methodology aimed at realigning the dynamics of who decides what photos matter, how, why, and with what implications, sometimes pitched as a way to "decolonize" research. The study examines interactions in a village in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia, where women shared visual stories to express challenges they face in relation to deforestation and other landscape changes, depleted gold deposits, limited livelihood options, and other themes, conveying place histories and ideas about home, identity, governance, and community. Reflecting on intergenerational dialogues and anxieties about the future, the analysis considers photovoice processes in refracting everyday struggles, arguing for feminist epistemologies that carefully attend to the situated ethics and contingent performative powers of visual storytelling where multiple forms of resource extraction powerfully shape community life. The article calls for greater focus on women's place-based storytelling and its communicative power, highlighting the significance of positionality when studying socioecological visualization, affect, and change.

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Rice, sapphires and cattle: Work lives of women artisanal and small-scale miners in Madagascar

Cited by 5 publications

References 16 publications

Forest Conservation in Madagascar: Past, Present, Future

Forest Conservation in Madagascar: Past, Present, Future

A double‐edged sword: Realities of artisanal and small‐scale mining for rural people in the Alaotra region of Madagascar

Visual Storytelling and Socioenvironmental Change: Images, Photographic Encounters, and Knowledge Construction in Resource Frontiers

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