Rice transgenic plants with suppressed expression of the β subunit of the heterotrimeric G protein

Utsunomiya, Yuzuko; Samejima, Chihiro; Fujisawa, Yukiko; Kato, Hisayoshi; Iwasaki, Yukimoto

doi:10.4161/psb.19378

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…In the moss P. patens , a basal plant, G‐proteins are required for life‐cycle completion, as moss lacking G‐proteins cannot form sporophytes, the only diploid stage in this plant’s life cycle (Hackenberg et al , ). In plants such as maize or rice (and likely all monocots), some of the G‐proteins are essential for survival, for example plants lacking the Gβ or all XLG proteins are seedling lethal (Utsunomiya et al , ; Wu et al , 2018a,b). Discussion about the importance of G‐proteins in plants has now shifted to the idea that plants can use fewer G‐protein components to achieve the specificity of elicited responses under different contexts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible functional interactions between G‐protein subunits contribute to the specificity of plant responses

Choudhury

Lee

et al. 2020

The Plant Journal

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Summary Plants being sessile integrate information from a variety of endogenous and external cues simultaneously to optimize growth and development. This necessitates the signaling networks in plants to be highly dynamic and flexible. One such network involves heterotrimeric G‐proteins comprised of Gα, Gβ, and Gγ subunits, which influence many aspects of growth, development, and stress response pathways. In plants such as Arabidopsis, a relatively simple repertoire of G‐proteins comprised of one canonical and three extra‐large Gα, one Gβ and three Gγ subunits exists. Because the Gβ and Gγ proteins form obligate dimers, the phenotypes of plants lacking the sole Gβ or all Gγ genes are similar, as expected. However, Gα proteins can exist either as monomers or in a complex with Gβγ, and the details of combinatorial genetic and physiological interactions of different Gα proteins with the sole Gβ remain unexplored. To evaluate such flexible, signal‐dependent interactions and their contribution toward eliciting a specific response, we have generated Arabidopsis mutants lacking specific combinations of Gα and Gβ genes, performed extensive phenotypic analysis, and evaluated the results in the context of subunit usage and interaction specificity. Our data show that multiple mechanistic modes, and in some cases complex epistatic relationships, exist depending on the signal‐dependent interactions between the Gα and Gβ proteins. This suggests that, despite their limited numbers, the inherent flexibility of plant G‐protein networks provides for the adaptability needed to survive under continuously changing environments.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible functional interactions between G‐protein subunits contribute to the specificity of plant responses

Choudhury

Lee

et al. 2020

The Plant Journal

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“…In rice, Gα mutations confer disease susceptibility (93), decreased seed size, and short internodes (2). Altered expression of Gβ confers many of the same phenotypes as loss of Gα, but with the addition of increased programmed cell death (115); for example, loss of RGA1 abolishes ethylene-induced cell death (91). …”

Section: G Protein–mediated Sugar Signaling and Cellular Behaviorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterotrimeric G Protein–Coupled Signaling in Plants

Urano¹,

Jones

2014

Annu. Rev. Plant Biol.

178

162

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Investigators studying G protein–coupled signaling—often called the best-understood pathway in the world owing to intense research in medical fields—have adopted plants as a new model to explore the plasticity and evolution of G signaling. Much research on plant G signaling has not disappointed. Although plant cells have most of the core elements found in animal G signaling, differences in network architecture and intrinsic properties of plant G protein elements make G signaling in plant cells distinct from the animal paradigm. In contrast to animal G proteins, plant G proteins are self-activating, and therefore regulation of G activation in plants occurs at the deactivation step. The self-activating property also means that plant G proteins do not need and therefore do not have typical animal G protein–coupled receptors. Targets of activated plant G proteins, also known as effectors, are unlike effectors in animal cells. The simpler repertoire of G signal elements in Arabidopsis makes G signaling easier to manipulate in a multicellular context.

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“…, implying that AGB1 acts downstream of GPA1, that the intact Gabg complex is essential for the function or that atypical XLGs function redundantly in the same pathway. No Gb knockout line has been isolated in rice, probably due to its embryonic lethality (Utsunomiya et al 2012). A reduced expression of the rice Gb gene by RNA interference shortens and narrows leaf sheaths and blades (Utsunomiya et al 2011), while the ectopic expression of Gb increases tillers and reduces leaf length (Sun et al 2014).…”

Section: Shoot Morphologies Of Gb and Gc Mutantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant Morphology of Heterotrimeric G Protein Mutants

Urano

Miura

et al. 2016

Plant Cell Physiol

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The heterotrimeric G protein complex, comprising Gα, Gγ and Gγ subunits, is an evolutionarily conserved signaling molecular machine that transmits signals from transmembrane receptors to downstream target proteins. Plants conserved the core G protein elements, while developing their own regulatory systems differently from animals. Genetic evidence supports the conclusion that the heterotrimeric G proteins regulate shoot, root and epidermis development, as well as sugar sensing, hormone responsiveness and abiotic and biotic stress tolerance. This review is a compendium of the known morphological changes conferred by loss- and gain-of-function mutations of the G protein subunit genes across three higher land plant models, namely Arabidopsis, rice and maize.

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Rice transgenic plants with suppressed expression of the β subunit of the heterotrimeric G protein

Cited by 15 publications

References 15 publications

Flexible functional interactions between G‐protein subunits contribute to the specificity of plant responses

Flexible functional interactions between G‐protein subunits contribute to the specificity of plant responses

Heterotrimeric G Protein–Coupled Signaling in Plants

Plant Morphology of Heterotrimeric G Protein Mutants

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