Rickettsioses in Colombia during the 20th century: A historical review

Cuéllar-Sáenz, Jerson Andrés; Faccini-Martínez, Álvaro A.; Ramírez-Hernández, Alejandro; Cortés-Vecino, Jesús A.

doi:10.1016/j.ttbdis.2022.102118

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Despite the evidence of highly pathogenic SFGR species in Colombia, rickettsiosis remain a non-reportable disease, hindering clinical management and diagnosis [ 91 ]. Given the high prevalence of other vector-borne diseases nationally, it is important to have an accurate epidemiological context of SFG rickettsioses to ensure early treatment is provided to suspected cases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spotted Fever Group Rickettsia spp. Molecular and Serological Evidence among Colombian Vectors and Animal Hosts: A Historical Review

Gual-Gonzalez,

Torres,

Self

et al. 2024

Insects

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Spotted fever group Rickettsia spp. (SFGR) are a large group of tick-borne bacteria causing important emerging and re-emerging diseases that affect animals and humans. While SFGR are found worldwide, a lack of surveillance and misdiagnosis particularly affect South American countries. Colombia is a high burdened country in South America, yet rickettsioses are not deemed a nationally reportable condition limiting disease-specific public health resources. As mortality rates are high for one Rickettsia pathogen species, there is a great need to better understand the epidemiological and ecological factors that increase SFGR transmission risk regionally. This literature review provides an overview of Colombia-based SFGR studies connecting knowledge about both vectors and hosts.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spotted Fever Group Rickettsia spp. Molecular and Serological Evidence among Colombian Vectors and Animal Hosts: A Historical Review

Gual-Gonzalez,

Torres,

Self

et al. 2024

Insects

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“…Due to antigenic cross-reaction between species of the SFG, exposure to a non-pathogenic or low to moderately virulent species can generate antibodies that can prevent serious infections by highly virulent species [ 37 ]. For this reason, it could serve as a preventive model for cases of rickettsiosis caused by R. rickettsii , which has also been historically reported in different Colombian regions [ 31 , 41 ]. It is worth highlighting previous experimental studies with animal models that have supported this protective characteristic of R. amblyommatis [ 15 , 17 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First isolation of Rickettsia amblyommatis from Amblyomma mixtum in Colombia

Chaparro-Gutiérrez,

Acevedo-Gutiérrez,

Mendell

et al. 2023

Parasites Vectors

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Background Rickettsiae are obligate intracellular Gram-negative bacteria that are the causative agent of rickettsioses and are spread to vertebrate hosts by arthropods. There are no previous reports of isolation of Rickettsia amblyommatis for Colombia. Methods A convenience sampling was executed in three departments in Colombia for direct collection of adult ticks on domestic animals or over vegetation. Ticks were screened for the presence of Rickettsia spp. by real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) amplifying the citrate synthase gene (gltA), and the positive sample was processed for isolation and further molecular characterization by conventional PCR. The absolute and relative frequencies were calculated for several tick species variables. All products from conventional PCR were further purified and sequenced by the Sanger technique. Representative sequences of 18 Rickettsia species were downloaded from GenBank. Consensus phylogenetic trees were constructed for the gltA, ompB, ompA, and htrA genes with 1000 replicates, calculating bootstrap values through the maximum likelihood method and the generalized time reversible substitution model in the MEGA 7.0 software program. Results One female Amblyomma mixtum collected on vegetation was amplified by qPCR (gltA), indicating a frequency of 1.6% (1/61) for Rickettsia spp. infection. Sequence analysis of a rickettsial isolate from this tick in BLASTn showed 100% identity with gltA (340 base pairs [bp]), 99.87% for ompB (782 bp), 98.99% for htrA (497 bp), and 100% for ompA (488 bp) to R. amblyommatis. Concatenated phylogenetic analysis confirmed these findings indicating that the isolate is grouped with other sequences of Amblyomma cajennense complex from Panama and Brazil within the R. amblyommatis clade. Conclusions This paper describes the isolation and early molecular identification of a R. amblyommatis strain from A. mixtum in Colombia. Graphical Abstract

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“…In Colombia, for the period from 1902 to 1986, there are many historical data regarding the presence of different rickettsioses, which include cases of SFG, TG, and unspecific rickettsioses in several regions of the departments of Antioquia, Atlántico, Bolivar, Boyacá, Caldas, Cauca, Cundinamarca, Córdoba, Huila, Magdalena, Meta, Nariño, Norte de Santander, Santander, Tolima, and Valle Del Cauca [ 188 ]. Since then, a significant number of studies have been performed in several regions in the last twenty years, establishing at least four endemic regions for rickettsioses: Tobia valley in Cundinamarca department, the north region of Caldas department, the Urabá region in Antioquia department, and the Caribbean region in Córdoba department [ 189 ]; however, other regions, such as the Orinoquia region, may also be considered crucial, as it is probably endemic [ 190 , 191 ].…”

Section: Rickettsiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the department of Caldas, the first reports of confirmed cases were performed in 1942, 1943, and 1946, all reported as TG rickettsioses [ 188 ]. Since then, novel confirmed cases have been reported in 2008, when a study detected fourteen murine typhus cases in the department’s north part [ 195 ].…”

Section: Rickettsiamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Etiologies of Zoonotic Tropical Febrile Illnesses That Are Not Part of the Notifiable Diseases in Colombia

Silva-Ramos,

Faccini-Martínez,

Serna-Rivera

et al. 2023

Microorganisms

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In Colombia, tropical febrile illnesses represent one of the most important causes of clinical attention. Febrile illnesses in the tropics are mainly zoonotic and have a broad etiology. The Colombian surveillance system monitors some notifiable diseases. However, several etiologies are not monitored by this system. In the present review, we describe eleven different etiologies of zoonotic tropical febrile illnesses that are not monitored by the Colombian surveillance system but have scientific, historical, and contemporary data that confirm or suggest their presence in different regions of the country: Anaplasma, Arenavirus, Bartonella, relapsing fever group Borrelia, Coxiella burnetii, Ehrlichia, Hantavirus, Mayaro virus, Orientia, Oropouche virus, and Rickettsia. These could generate a risk for the local population, travelers, and immigrants, due to which they should be included in the mandatory notification system, considering their importance for Colombian public health.

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Rickettsioses in Colombia during the 20th century: A historical review

Cited by 9 publications

References 27 publications

Spotted Fever Group Rickettsia spp. Molecular and Serological Evidence among Colombian Vectors and Animal Hosts: A Historical Review

Spotted Fever Group Rickettsia spp. Molecular and Serological Evidence among Colombian Vectors and Animal Hosts: A Historical Review

First isolation of Rickettsia amblyommatis from Amblyomma mixtum in Colombia

Etiologies of Zoonotic Tropical Febrile Illnesses That Are Not Part of the Notifiable Diseases in Colombia

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