Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a zoonosis
caused by Echinococcus spp., affecting both humans
and animals’ lives. Current treatment
of CE by oral administration of albendazole (ABZ) is hampered by several
limitations. The poor aqueous solubility and the rapid metabolism
of ABZ in the liver are the main issues, leading to lack of efficacy
of the treatment. In the present study, we developed a nanocrystalline
(NC) formulation of ABZ to be delivered intradermally using dissolving
microneedles (DMNs). The NC formulation was developed using milling
in an ultrasmall-scale device. Following several screenings, Pluronic
F127 was selected as a suitable stabilizer, producing NCs with around
400 nm in size with narrow particle distribution. The crystallinity
of ABZ was maintained as observed by DSC and XRD analysis. The NC
approach was able to improve the dissolution percentage of ABZ by
approximately three-fold. Furthermore, the incorporation of NCs into
DMNs using the combination of poly(vinylpyrrolidone) and poly(vinyl
alcohol) formed sharp needles with sufficient mechanical strength
and insertion properties. Dermatokinetic studies revealed that >25%
of ABZ was localized in the dermis of excised neonatal porcine skin
up to 48 h after DMN administration. In in vivo pharmacokinetic
studies, the AUC and relative bioavailability values of ABZ delivered
by NC-loaded DMNs were found to be significantly higher than those
obtained after oral administration of coarse suspension of ABZ or
ABZ-NCs, as well as DMNs delivering coarse ABZ as indicated by the
relative bioavailability values of >100%. Therefore, the combination
approach developed in this study could maintain the systemic circulation
of ABZ, which could be possibly caused by avoiding the first-pass
metabolism in the liver. This could be beneficial to improve the efficacy
of ABZ in CE treatment.