Rieche formylation of carbon nanotubes – one-step and versatile functionalization route

Kolanowska, Anna; Kuziel, Anna W.; Li, Yuliu; Jurczyk, Sebastian; Boncel, Sławomir

doi:10.1039/c7ra10525h

Cited by 21 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…In-house MWCNTs (“7 h” and “16 h”) were prepared using a procedure presented in our previous paper. 42 Symbols “7 h” and “16 h” refer to the duration of the c-CVD process. As other nanocarbon representatives, fullerene (0D), graphene (2D), activated carbon, and graphite (both 3D) were studied.…”

Section: Experimental Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Remarkable Thermal Conductivity Enhancement in Carbon-Based Ionanofluids: Effect of Nanoparticle Morphology

Jóźwiak

Dzido

Zorębski

et al. 2020

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Transfer of the excellent intrinsic properties of individual carbon nanoparticles into real-life applications of the corresponding heat transfer fluids remains challenging. This process requires identification and quantification of the nanoparticle–liquid interface. Here, for the first time, we have determined geometry and properties of this interface by applying transmission electron cryomicroscopy (cryo-TEM). We have systematically investigated how the particle morphology of carbon-based nanomaterials affected the thermal conductivity, specific isobaric heat capacity, thermal diffusivity, density, and viscosity of ionanofluids and/or bucky gels, using a wide range of fillers, especially single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), both with extreme values of aspect ratio (length to diameter ratio) from 150 to 11 000. Accordingly, hybrid systems composed of various carbon nanomaterials and ionic liquid, namely 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium thiocyanate [EMIM][SCN], were prepared and characterized. Most of the analyzed nanodispersions exhibited long-term stability even without any surfactant. Our study revealed that the thermal conductivity could be remarkably improved to the maximum values of 43.9% and 67.8% for ionanofluid and bucky gel (at 1 wt % loadings of MWCNTs and SWCNTs), respectively, compared to the pristine ionic liquid. As a result, the model proposed by Murshed and co-workers has been improved for realistic description of the concentration-dependent thermal conductivity of such hybrid systems. The obtained results undoubtedly indicate the potential of ionanofluids and bucky gels for energy management.

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Section: Experimental Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Remarkable Thermal Conductivity Enhancement in Carbon-Based Ionanofluids: Effect of Nanoparticle Morphology

Jóźwiak

Dzido

Zorębski

et al. 2020

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…By the chemist’s eye, CNTs could be considered as sp 2+ε -hybridized π-conjugated macromolecules therefore susceptible to C=C addition, particularly at the ‘molecular hot-spots’, i.e., defects and metallic chiralities, and, to a lesser extent, C-H substitution at the edges and vacancies. In our previous works, we were frequently inspired by organic reactions proving them as transferrable to CNTs [24,25,26]. A decade ago, corannulene—the convex buckybowl fragment of a CNT tip—was functionalized by Gershoni–Poranne and co-workers via Ullmann-type reactions [27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ullmann Reactions of Carbon Nanotubes—Advantageous and Unexplored Functionalization toward Tunable Surface Chemistry

et al. 2019

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We demonstrate Ullmann-type reactions as novel and advantageous functionalization of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) toward tunable surface chemistry. The functionalization routes comprise O-, N-, and C-arylation of chlorinated CNTs. We confirm the versatility and efficiency of the reaction allowing functionalization degrees up to 3.5 mmol g−1 by applying both various nanotube substrates, i.e., single-wall (SWCNTs) and multi-wall CNTs (MWCNTs) of various chirality, geometry, and morphology as well as diverse Ullmann-type reagents: phenol, aniline, and iodobenzene. The reactivity of nanotubes was correlatable with the nanotube diameter and morphology revealing SWCNTs as the most reactive representatives. We have determined the optimized conditions of this two-step synthetic protocol as: (1) chlorination using iodine trichloride (ICl3), and (2) Ullmann-type reaction in the presence of: copper(I) iodide (CuI), 1,10-phenanthroline as chelating agent and caesium carbonate (Cs2CO3) as base. We have analyzed functionalized CNTs using a variety of techniques, i.e., scanning and transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, thermogravimetry, comprehensive Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The analyses confirmed the purely covalent nature of those modifications at all stages. Eventually, we have proved the elaborated protocol as exceptionally tunable since it enabled us: (a) to synthesize superhydrophilic films from—the intrinsically hydrophobic—vertically aligned MWCNT arrays and (b) to produce printable highly electroconductive pastes of enhanced characteristics—as compared for non-modified and otherwise modified MWCNTs—for textronics.

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“…The dispersed phase of INFs consisted of originally ultra-long ‘in-house 16h’ MWCNTs (aspect ratio 11,000) synthesized in our laboratory via 16 h c-CVD, according to the previously reported methodology [43] . The detailed specification of the ‘in-house 16h’ MWCNTs sample can be found in Table 1 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of ultrasonication time on microstructure, thermal conductivity, and viscosity of ionanofluids with originally ultra-long multi-walled carbon nanotubes

Jóźwiak

Greer

Dzido

et al. 2021

Ultrasonics Sonochemistry

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Rieche formylation of carbon nanotubes – one-step and versatile functionalization route

Abstract: We present the direct and one-step Rieche formylation of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as the most effective (4.00 mmol g−1) functionalization route via formylation.

Cited by 21 publications

References 55 publications

Remarkable Thermal Conductivity Enhancement in Carbon-Based Ionanofluids: Effect of Nanoparticle Morphology

Remarkable Thermal Conductivity Enhancement in Carbon-Based Ionanofluids: Effect of Nanoparticle Morphology

Ullmann Reactions of Carbon Nanotubes—Advantageous and Unexplored Functionalization toward Tunable Surface Chemistry

Effect of ultrasonication time on microstructure, thermal conductivity, and viscosity of ionanofluids with originally ultra-long multi-walled carbon nanotubes

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