RIFM fragrance ingredient safety assessment, longifolene, CAS Registry Number 475-20-7

Results of patch testing with five fragrance materials hitherto not tested: A dose‐finding study in the clinical population

“…23 Among wellestablished fragrances possibly causing contact allergy in humans based on experimental research assessed and summarised by the Research Institute for Fragrance Materials (RIFM), fragrance chemical candidates that are used in high volume in various product types leading to relevant consumer exposure, were selected in dedicated IDEA activities to be used in this pilot study. [24][25][26][27][28][29] All of them are synthetic fragrances but can be present in natural extracts and have been widely used in consumer products for almost 40 years. 30 Four of them, except 4,8-dimethyl-4,9-decadienal, are also used as flavours in the food industry.…”

“…According to in-vitro and/or invivo tests, the five fragrance allergens can cause skin sensitization. [24][25][26][27][28][29] According to the fragrance ingredient safety assessment of RIFM, No Expected Sensitization Induction Level (NESIL) is calculated to determine the skin sensitization safety level.…”

“…NESILs for furaneol, trans-2-hexenal, 4,8-dimethyl-4,9-decadienal, longifolene, and benzaldehyde are 590, 18, 550, 3500 and 590 μg/cm 2 , respectively. [24][25][26][27][28][29] In this pilot study to the Extended Fragrance Ingredients Surveillance Study (EFISS), these five ingredients were tested in patients with suspected allergic contact dermatitis to determine a suitable patch test concentration for each in order to subsequently use this for patch testing consecutive dermatitis patients for an extended monitoring period in the main EFISS study. Among the tested fragrances, only benzaldehyde 31 (5% pet.)…”

“…Therefore, patch testing with fragrance ingredient test preparations in suitable concentrations and types of vehicles should be widely available to accurately detect rates of contact allergy while avoiding causing irritant contact reactions, false positive reactions, or active sensitization 23 . Among well‐established fragrances possibly causing contact allergy in humans based on experimental research assessed and summarised by the Research Institute for Fragrance Materials (RIFM), fragrance chemical candidates that are used in high volume in various product types leading to relevant consumer exposure, were selected in dedicated IDEA activities to be used in this pilot study 24–29 . To this end, five fragrance ingredients (furaneol [4‐Hydroxy‐2,5‐dimethyl‐3(2H)‐furanone], CAS No.…”

Vapor–Liquid Equilibrium of α-Pinene, Longifolene, and Abietic Acid of Pine Oleoresin: HS-GC Measurements and Model Correlation

“…α-Pinene can be added to some foods as a safe food additive, and it also has a certain effect as an anti-inflammatory and antidepressant, and in tumor treatment, pain relief, and epilepsy prevention in the clinic. , Longifolene is often used as an essential addition to cosmetics, fragrances, and daily chemical products. Besides, its isomerization products also have bactericidal and antioxidant activities. − …”